From afd94c9ef99092b459213b50c61a0c65e2882cde Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Yu Zhao Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 20:43:22 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] FROMLIST: mm: multi-gen LRU: exploit locality in rmap MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Searching the rmap for PTEs mapping each page on an LRU list (to test and clear the accessed bit) can be expensive because pages from different VMAs (PA space) are not cache friendly to the rmap (VA space). For workloads mostly using mapped pages, the rmap has a high CPU cost in the reclaim path. This patch exploits spatial locality to reduce the trips into the rmap. When shrink_page_list() walks the rmap and finds a young PTE, a new function lru_gen_look_around() scans at most BITS_PER_LONG-1 adjacent PTEs. On finding another young PTE, it clears the accessed bit and updates the gen counter of the page mapped by this PTE to (max_seq%MAX_NR_GENS)+1. Server benchmark results: Single workload: fio (buffered I/O): no change Single workload: memcached (anon): +[4, 6]% Ops/sec KB/sec patch1-6: 964656.80 37520.88 patch1-7: 1014393.57 39455.42 Configurations: no change Client benchmark results: kswapd profiles: patch1-6 36.13% lzo1x_1_do_compress (real work) 19.16% page_vma_mapped_walk 6.55% _raw_spin_unlock_irq 4.02% do_raw_spin_lock 2.32% anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_first 2.11% ptep_clear_flush 1.76% __zram_bvec_write 1.64% folio_referenced_one 1.40% memmove 1.35% obj_malloc patch1-7 45.54% lzo1x_1_do_compress (real work) 9.56% page_vma_mapped_walk 6.70% _raw_spin_unlock_irq 2.78% ptep_clear_flush 2.47% do_raw_spin_lock 2.22% __zram_bvec_write 1.87% lru_gen_look_around 1.78% memmove 1.77% obj_malloc 1.44% free_unref_page_list Configurations: no change Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220309021230.721028-8-yuzhao@google.com/ Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao Acked-by: Brian Geffon Acked-by: Jan Alexander Steffens (heftig) Acked-by: Oleksandr Natalenko Acked-by: Steven Barrett Acked-by: Suleiman Souhlal Tested-by: Daniel Byrne Tested-by: Donald Carr Tested-by: Holger Hoffstätte Tested-by: Konstantin Kharlamov Tested-by: Shuang Zhai Tested-by: Sofia Trinh Tested-by: Vaibhav Jain Bug: 227651406 Signed-off-by: Kalesh Singh Change-Id: I9a290343840f3cf925c891c8e360c7cdc24ffb9c --- include/linux/memcontrol.h | 31 ++++++++ include/linux/mmzone.h | 6 ++ include/linux/swap.h | 1 + mm/memcontrol.c | 1 + mm/rmap.c | 7 ++ mm/swap.c | 4 +- mm/vmscan.c | 156 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 7 files changed, 204 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h index d9b8df5ef212..667790636cd7 100644 --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h @@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ static inline struct obj_cgroup *__page_objcg(struct page *page) * - LRU isolation * - lock_page_memcg() * - exclusive reference + * - mem_cgroup_trylock_pages() * * For a kmem page a caller should hold an rcu read lock to protect memcg * associated with a kmem page from being released. @@ -497,6 +498,7 @@ static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg_rcu(struct page *page) * - LRU isolation * - lock_page_memcg() * - exclusive reference + * - mem_cgroup_trylock_pages() * * For a kmem page a caller should hold an rcu read lock to protect memcg * associated with a kmem page from being released. @@ -953,6 +955,23 @@ void unlock_page_memcg(struct page *page); void __mod_memcg_state(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, int idx, int val); +/* try to stablize page_memcg() for all the pages in a memcg */ +static inline bool mem_cgroup_trylock_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{ + rcu_read_lock(); + + if (mem_cgroup_disabled() || !atomic_read(&memcg->moving_account)) + return true; + + rcu_read_unlock(); + return false; +} + +static inline void mem_cgroup_unlock_pages(void) +{ + rcu_read_unlock(); +} + /* idx can be of type enum memcg_stat_item or node_stat_item */ static inline void mod_memcg_state(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, int idx, int val) @@ -1357,6 +1376,18 @@ static inline void unlock_page_memcg(struct page *page) { } +static inline bool mem_cgroup_trylock_pages(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{ + /* to match page_memcg_rcu() */ + rcu_read_lock(); + return true; +} + +static inline void mem_cgroup_unlock_pages(void) +{ + rcu_read_unlock(); +} + static inline void mem_cgroup_handle_over_high(void) { } diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h index 05ac15663773..94765e2ed6b6 100644 --- a/include/linux/mmzone.h +++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h @@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ enum lruvec_flags { #ifndef __GENERATING_BOUNDS_H struct lruvec; +struct page_vma_mapped_walk; #define LRU_GEN_MASK ((BIT(LRU_GEN_WIDTH) - 1) << LRU_GEN_PGOFF) #define LRU_REFS_MASK ((BIT(LRU_REFS_WIDTH) - 1) << LRU_REFS_PGOFF) @@ -403,6 +404,7 @@ struct lru_gen_struct { }; void lru_gen_init_lruvec(struct lruvec *lruvec); +void lru_gen_look_around(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw); #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG void lru_gen_init_memcg(struct mem_cgroup *memcg); @@ -415,6 +417,10 @@ static inline void lru_gen_init_lruvec(struct lruvec *lruvec) { } +static inline void lru_gen_look_around(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw) +{ +} + #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG static inline void lru_gen_init_memcg(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) { diff --git a/include/linux/swap.h b/include/linux/swap.h index fce3a966718d..5e20b5b39d57 100644 --- a/include/linux/swap.h +++ b/include/linux/swap.h @@ -368,6 +368,7 @@ extern void lru_add_drain_cpu(int cpu); extern void lru_add_drain_cpu_zone(struct zone *zone); extern void lru_add_drain_all(void); extern void rotate_reclaimable_page(struct page *page); +extern void activate_page(struct page *page); extern void deactivate_file_page(struct page *page); extern void deactivate_page(struct page *page); extern void mark_page_lazyfree(struct page *page); diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c index 1598162cfc5a..c27ea96124dd 100644 --- a/mm/memcontrol.c +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c @@ -2788,6 +2788,7 @@ static void commit_charge(struct page *page, struct mem_cgroup *memcg) * - LRU isolation * - lock_page_memcg() * - exclusive reference + * - mem_cgroup_trylock_pages() */ page->memcg_data = (unsigned long)memcg; } diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c index 6aebd1747251..d759222ba040 100644 --- a/mm/rmap.c +++ b/mm/rmap.c @@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include @@ -790,6 +791,12 @@ static bool page_referenced_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma, } if (pvmw.pte) { + if (lru_gen_enabled() && pte_young(*pvmw.pte) && + !(vma->vm_flags & (VM_SEQ_READ | VM_RAND_READ))) { + lru_gen_look_around(&pvmw); + referenced++; + } + if (ptep_clear_flush_young_notify(vma, address, pvmw.pte)) { /* diff --git a/mm/swap.c b/mm/swap.c index d301ef965ebf..74f7c5e1b675 100644 --- a/mm/swap.c +++ b/mm/swap.c @@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ static bool need_activate_page_drain(int cpu) return pagevec_count(&per_cpu(lru_pvecs.activate_page, cpu)) != 0; } -static void activate_page(struct page *page) +void activate_page(struct page *page) { page = compound_head(page); if (PageLRU(page) && !PageActive(page) && !PageUnevictable(page)) { @@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ static inline void activate_page_drain(int cpu) { } -static void activate_page(struct page *page) +void activate_page(struct page *page) { struct lruvec *lruvec; diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c index 670a46dff1af..5f4b0873112b 100644 --- a/mm/vmscan.c +++ b/mm/vmscan.c @@ -1412,6 +1412,11 @@ retry: if (!sc->may_unmap && page_mapped(page)) goto keep_locked; + /* page_update_gen() tried to promote this page? */ + if (lru_gen_enabled() && !ignore_references && + page_mapped(page) && PageReferenced(page)) + goto keep_locked; + may_enter_fs = (sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_FS) || (PageSwapCache(page) && (sc->gfp_mask & __GFP_IO)); @@ -3079,6 +3084,31 @@ static bool positive_ctrl_err(struct ctrl_pos *sp, struct ctrl_pos *pv) * the aging ******************************************************************************/ +static int page_update_gen(struct page *page, int gen) +{ + unsigned long old_flags, new_flags; + + VM_BUG_ON(gen >= MAX_NR_GENS); + VM_BUG_ON(!rcu_read_lock_held()); + + do { + new_flags = old_flags = READ_ONCE(page->flags); + + /* for shrink_page_list() */ + if (!(new_flags & LRU_GEN_MASK)) { + new_flags |= BIT(PG_referenced); + continue; + } + + new_flags &= ~LRU_GEN_MASK; + new_flags |= (gen + 1UL) << LRU_GEN_PGOFF; + new_flags &= ~(LRU_REFS_MASK | LRU_REFS_FLAGS); + } while (new_flags != old_flags && + cmpxchg(&page->flags, old_flags, new_flags) != old_flags); + + return ((old_flags & LRU_GEN_MASK) >> LRU_GEN_PGOFF) - 1; +} + static int page_inc_gen(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct page *page, bool reclaiming) { unsigned long old_flags, new_flags; @@ -3090,6 +3120,11 @@ static int page_inc_gen(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct page *page, bool reclaimin new_flags = old_flags = READ_ONCE(page->flags); VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!(new_flags & LRU_GEN_MASK), page); + new_gen = ((new_flags & LRU_GEN_MASK) >> LRU_GEN_PGOFF) - 1; + /* page_update_gen() has promoted this page? */ + if (new_gen >= 0 && new_gen != old_gen) + return new_gen; + new_gen = (old_gen + 1) % MAX_NR_GENS; new_flags &= ~LRU_GEN_MASK; @@ -3311,6 +3346,122 @@ static void lru_gen_age_node(struct pglist_data *pgdat, struct scan_control *sc) } while ((memcg = mem_cgroup_iter(NULL, memcg, NULL))); } +/* + * This function exploits spatial locality when shrink_page_list() walks the + * rmap. It scans the adjacent PTEs of a young PTE and promotes hot pages. + */ +void lru_gen_look_around(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw) +{ + int i; + pte_t *pte; + unsigned long start; + unsigned long end; + unsigned long addr; + struct page *page; + unsigned long bitmap[BITS_TO_LONGS(MIN_LRU_BATCH)] = {}; + struct mem_cgroup *memcg = page_memcg(pvmw->page); + struct pglist_data *pgdat = page_pgdat(pvmw->page); + struct lruvec *lruvec = mem_cgroup_lruvec(memcg, pgdat); + DEFINE_MAX_SEQ(lruvec); + int old_gen, new_gen = lru_gen_from_seq(max_seq); + + lockdep_assert_held(pvmw->ptl); + VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(pvmw->page), pvmw->page); + + if (spin_is_contended(pvmw->ptl)) + return; + + start = max(pvmw->address & PMD_MASK, pvmw->vma->vm_start); + end = pmd_addr_end(pvmw->address, pvmw->vma->vm_end); + + if (end - start > MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE) { + if (pvmw->address - start < MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE / 2) + end = start + MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE; + else if (end - pvmw->address < MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE / 2) + start = end - MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE; + else { + start = pvmw->address - MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE / 2; + end = pvmw->address + MIN_LRU_BATCH * PAGE_SIZE / 2; + } + } + + pte = pvmw->pte - (pvmw->address - start) / PAGE_SIZE; + + rcu_read_lock(); + arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode(); + + for (i = 0, addr = start; addr != end; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) { + unsigned long pfn = pte_pfn(pte[i]); + + VM_BUG_ON(addr < pvmw->vma->vm_start || addr >= pvmw->vma->vm_end); + + if (!pte_present(pte[i]) || is_zero_pfn(pfn)) + continue; + + if (WARN_ON_ONCE(pte_devmap(pte[i]) || pte_special(pte[i]))) + continue; + + if (!pte_young(pte[i])) + continue; + + VM_BUG_ON(!pfn_valid(pfn)); + if (pfn < pgdat->node_start_pfn || pfn >= pgdat_end_pfn(pgdat)) + continue; + + page = compound_head(pfn_to_page(pfn)); + if (page_to_nid(page) != pgdat->node_id) + continue; + + if (page_memcg_rcu(page) != memcg) + continue; + + if (!ptep_test_and_clear_young(pvmw->vma, addr, pte + i)) + continue; + + if (pte_dirty(pte[i]) && !PageDirty(page) && + !(PageAnon(page) && PageSwapBacked(page) && !PageSwapCache(page))) + set_page_dirty(page); + + old_gen = page_lru_gen(page); + if (old_gen < 0) + SetPageReferenced(page); + else if (old_gen != new_gen) + __set_bit(i, bitmap); + } + + arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode(); + rcu_read_unlock(); + + if (bitmap_weight(bitmap, MIN_LRU_BATCH) < PAGEVEC_SIZE) { + for_each_set_bit(i, bitmap, MIN_LRU_BATCH) + activate_page(pte_page(pte[i])); + return; + } + + /* page_update_gen() requires stable page_memcg() */ + if (!mem_cgroup_trylock_pages(memcg)) + return; + + spin_lock_irq(&lruvec->lru_lock); + new_gen = lru_gen_from_seq(lruvec->lrugen.max_seq); + + for_each_set_bit(i, bitmap, MIN_LRU_BATCH) { + page = compound_head(pte_page(pte[i])); + if (page_memcg_rcu(page) != memcg) + continue; + + old_gen = page_update_gen(page, new_gen); + if (old_gen < 0 || old_gen == new_gen) + continue; + + lru_gen_update_size(lruvec, page, old_gen, new_gen); + } + + spin_unlock_irq(&lruvec->lru_lock); + + mem_cgroup_unlock_pages(); +} + /****************************************************************************** * the eviction ******************************************************************************/ @@ -3344,6 +3495,11 @@ static bool sort_page(struct lruvec *lruvec, struct page *page, int tier_idx) return true; } + if (gen != lru_gen_from_seq(lrugen->min_seq[type])) { + list_move(&page->lru, &lrugen->lists[gen][type][zone]); + return true; + } + if (tier > tier_idx) { int hist = lru_hist_from_seq(lrugen->min_seq[type]);