Merge 4.9.75 into android-4.9

Changes in 4.9.75 tcp_bbr: reset full pipe detection on loss recovery undo tcp_bbr: reset long-term bandwidth sampling on loss recovery undo x86/boot: Add early cmdline parsing for options with arguments KAISER: Kernel Address Isolation kaiser: merged update kaiser: do not set _PAGE_NX on pgd_none kaiser: stack map PAGE_SIZE at THREAD_SIZE-PAGE_SIZE kaiser: fix build and FIXME in alloc_ldt_struct() kaiser: KAISER depends on SMP kaiser: fix regs to do_nmi() ifndef CONFIG_KAISER kaiser: fix perf crashes kaiser: ENOMEM if kaiser_pagetable_walk() NULL kaiser: tidied up asm/kaiser.h somewhat kaiser: tidied up kaiser_add/remove_mapping slightly kaiser: align addition to x86/mm/Makefile kaiser: cleanups while trying for gold link kaiser: name that 0x1000 KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET kaiser: delete KAISER_REAL_SWITCH option kaiser: vmstat show NR_KAISERTABLE as nr_overhead kaiser: enhanced by kernel and user PCIDs kaiser: load_new_mm_cr3() let SWITCH_USER_CR3 flush user kaiser: PCID 0 for kernel and 128 for user kaiser: x86_cr3_pcid_noflush and x86_cr3_pcid_user kaiser: paranoid_entry pass cr3 need to paranoid_exit kaiser: kaiser_remove_mapping() move along the pgd kaiser: fix unlikely error in alloc_ldt_struct() kaiser: add "nokaiser" boot option, using ALTERNATIVE x86/kaiser: Rename and simplify X86_FEATURE_KAISER handling x86/kaiser: Check boottime cmdline params kaiser: use ALTERNATIVE instead of x86_cr3_pcid_noflush kaiser: drop is_atomic arg to kaiser_pagetable_walk() kaiser: asm/tlbflush.h handle noPGE at lower level kaiser: kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user() check PCID x86/paravirt: Dont patch flush_tlb_single x86/kaiser: Reenable PARAVIRT kaiser: disabled on Xen PV x86/kaiser: Move feature detection up KPTI: Rename to PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION KPTI: Report when enabled kaiser: Set _PAGE_NX only if supported Linux 4.9.75 Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@google.com>
2026-03-24 19:40:21 +09:00 · 2018-01-05 22:28:25 +01:00
parent 173c52eae9 9f74755895
commit bc7ff9b998
46 changed files with 1384 additions and 102 deletions
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -2775,6 +2775,8 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.

 	nojitter	[IA-64] Disables jitter checking for ITC timers.

+	nopti		[X86-64] Disable KAISER isolation of kernel from user.
+
 	no-kvmclock	[X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized KVM clock driver

 	no-kvmapf	[X86,KVM] Disable paravirtualized asynchronous page
@@ -3337,6 +3339,12 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
 	pt.		[PARIDE]
 			See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt.

+	pti=		[X86_64]
+			Control KAISER user/kernel address space isolation:
+			on - enable
+			off - disable
+			auto - default setting
+
 	pty.legacy_count=
 			[KNL] Number of legacy pty's. Overwrites compiled-in
 			default number.
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 VERSION = 4
 PATCHLEVEL = 9
-SUBLEVEL = 74
+SUBLEVEL = 75
 EXTRAVERSION =
 NAME = Roaring Lionus

--- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 */
 #undef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
 #undef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS
+#undef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
 #undef CONFIG_KASAN

 #include <linux/linkage.h>
--- a/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <asm/smap.h>
 #include <asm/pgtable_types.h>
 #include <asm/export.h>
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>

 /* Avoid __ASSEMBLER__'ifying <linux/audit.h> just for this.  */
@@ -146,6 +147,7 @@ ENTRY(entry_SYSCALL_64)
 	 * it is too small to ever cause noticeable irq latency.
 	 */
 	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3_NO_STACK
 	/*
 	 * A hypervisor implementation might want to use a label
 	 * after the swapgs, so that it can do the swapgs
@@ -228,6 +230,14 @@ entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath:
 	movq	RIP(%rsp), %rcx
 	movq	EFLAGS(%rsp), %r11
 	RESTORE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RCX_R11
+	/*
+	 * This opens a window where we have a user CR3, but are
+	 * running in the kernel.  This makes using the CS
+	 * register useless for telling whether or not we need to
+	 * switch CR3 in NMIs.  Normal interrupts are OK because
+	 * they are off here.
+	 */
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	movq	RSP(%rsp), %rsp
 	USERGS_SYSRET64

@@ -323,10 +333,26 @@ return_from_SYSCALL_64:
 syscall_return_via_sysret:
 	/* rcx and r11 are already restored (see code above) */
 	RESTORE_C_REGS_EXCEPT_RCX_R11
+	/*
+	 * This opens a window where we have a user CR3, but are
+	 * running in the kernel.  This makes using the CS
+	 * register useless for telling whether or not we need to
+	 * switch CR3 in NMIs.  Normal interrupts are OK because
+	 * they are off here.
+	 */
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	movq	RSP(%rsp), %rsp
 	USERGS_SYSRET64

 opportunistic_sysret_failed:
+	/*
+	 * This opens a window where we have a user CR3, but are
+	 * running in the kernel.  This makes using the CS
+	 * register useless for telling whether or not we need to
+	 * switch CR3 in NMIs.  Normal interrupts are OK because
+	 * they are off here.
+	 */
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	SWAPGS
 	jmp	restore_c_regs_and_iret
 END(entry_SYSCALL_64)
@@ -424,6 +450,7 @@ ENTRY(ret_from_fork)
 	movq	%rsp, %rdi
 	call	syscall_return_slowpath	/* returns with IRQs disabled */
 	TRACE_IRQS_ON			/* user mode is traced as IRQS on */
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	SWAPGS
 	jmp	restore_regs_and_iret

@@ -478,6 +505,7 @@ END(irq_entries_start)
 	 * tracking that we're in kernel mode.
 	 */
 	SWAPGS
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3

 	/*
 	 * We need to tell lockdep that IRQs are off.  We can't do this until
@@ -535,6 +563,7 @@ GLOBAL(retint_user)
 	mov	%rsp,%rdi
 	call	prepare_exit_to_usermode
 	TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	SWAPGS
 	jmp	restore_regs_and_iret

@@ -612,6 +641,7 @@ native_irq_return_ldt:

 	pushq	%rdi				/* Stash user RDI */
 	SWAPGS
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3
 	movq	PER_CPU_VAR(espfix_waddr), %rdi
 	movq	%rax, (0*8)(%rdi)		/* user RAX */
 	movq	(1*8)(%rsp), %rax		/* user RIP */
@@ -638,6 +668,7 @@ native_irq_return_ldt:
 	 * still points to an RO alias of the ESPFIX stack.
 	 */
 	orq	PER_CPU_VAR(espfix_stack), %rax
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	SWAPGS
 	movq	%rax, %rsp

@@ -1017,7 +1048,11 @@ idtentry machine_check					has_error_code=0	paranoid=1 do_sym=*machine_check_vec
 /*
 * Save all registers in pt_regs, and switch gs if needed.
 * Use slow, but surefire "are we in kernel?" check.
- * Return: ebx=0: need swapgs on exit, ebx=1: otherwise
+ *
+ * Return: ebx=0: needs swapgs but not SWITCH_USER_CR3 in paranoid_exit
+ *         ebx=1: needs neither swapgs nor SWITCH_USER_CR3 in paranoid_exit
+ *         ebx=2: needs both swapgs and SWITCH_USER_CR3 in paranoid_exit
+ *         ebx=3: needs SWITCH_USER_CR3 but not swapgs in paranoid_exit
 */
 ENTRY(paranoid_entry)
 	cld
@@ -1030,7 +1065,26 @@ ENTRY(paranoid_entry)
 	js	1f				/* negative -> in kernel */
 	SWAPGS
 	xorl	%ebx, %ebx
-1:	ret
+1:
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	/*
+	 * We might have come in between a swapgs and a SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3
+	 * on entry, or between a SWITCH_USER_CR3 and a swapgs on exit.
+	 * Do a conditional SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3: this could safely be done
+	 * unconditionally, but we need to find out whether the reverse
+	 * should be done on return (conveyed to paranoid_exit in %ebx).
+	 */
+	ALTERNATIVE "jmp 2f", "movq %cr3, %rax", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+	testl	$KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET, %eax
+	jz	2f
+	orl	$2, %ebx
+	andq	$(~(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK | KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET)), %rax
+	/* If PCID enabled, set X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH_BIT */
+	ALTERNATIVE "", "bts $63, %rax", X86_FEATURE_PCID
+	movq	%rax, %cr3
+2:
+#endif
+	ret
 END(paranoid_entry)

 /*
@@ -1043,19 +1097,26 @@ END(paranoid_entry)
 * be complicated.  Fortunately, we there's no good reason
 * to try to handle preemption here.
 *
- * On entry, ebx is "no swapgs" flag (1: don't need swapgs, 0: need it)
+ * On entry: ebx=0: needs swapgs but not SWITCH_USER_CR3
+ *           ebx=1: needs neither swapgs nor SWITCH_USER_CR3
+ *           ebx=2: needs both swapgs and SWITCH_USER_CR3
+ *           ebx=3: needs SWITCH_USER_CR3 but not swapgs
 */
 ENTRY(paranoid_exit)
 	DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
 	TRACE_IRQS_OFF_DEBUG
-	testl	%ebx, %ebx			/* swapgs needed? */
-	jnz	paranoid_exit_no_swapgs
-	TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ
-	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
-	jmp	paranoid_exit_restore
-paranoid_exit_no_swapgs:
 	TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ_DEBUG
-paranoid_exit_restore:
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	/* No ALTERNATIVE for X86_FEATURE_KAISER: paranoid_entry sets %ebx */
+	testl	$2, %ebx			/* SWITCH_USER_CR3 needed? */
+	jz	paranoid_exit_no_switch
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
+paranoid_exit_no_switch:
+#endif
+	testl	$1, %ebx			/* swapgs needed? */
+	jnz	paranoid_exit_no_swapgs
+	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
+paranoid_exit_no_swapgs:
 	RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
 	RESTORE_C_REGS
 	REMOVE_PT_GPREGS_FROM_STACK 8
@@ -1070,6 +1131,13 @@ ENTRY(error_entry)
 	cld
 	SAVE_C_REGS 8
 	SAVE_EXTRA_REGS 8
+	/*
+	 * error_entry() always returns with a kernel gsbase and
+	 * CR3.  We must also have a kernel CR3/gsbase before
+	 * calling TRACE_IRQS_*.  Just unconditionally switch to
+	 * the kernel CR3 here.
+	 */
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3
 	xorl	%ebx, %ebx
 	testb	$3, CS+8(%rsp)
 	jz	.Lerror_kernelspace
@@ -1230,6 +1298,10 @@ ENTRY(nmi)
 	 */

 	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
+	/*
+	 * percpu variables are mapped with user CR3, so no need
+	 * to switch CR3 here.
+	 */
 	cld
 	movq	%rsp, %rdx
 	movq	PER_CPU_VAR(cpu_current_top_of_stack), %rsp
@@ -1263,12 +1335,34 @@ ENTRY(nmi)

 	movq	%rsp, %rdi
 	movq	$-1, %rsi
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	/* Unconditionally use kernel CR3 for do_nmi() */
+	/* %rax is saved above, so OK to clobber here */
+	ALTERNATIVE "jmp 2f", "movq %cr3, %rax", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+	/* If PCID enabled, NOFLUSH now and NOFLUSH on return */
+	ALTERNATIVE "", "bts $63, %rax", X86_FEATURE_PCID
+	pushq	%rax
+	/* mask off "user" bit of pgd address and 12 PCID bits: */
+	andq	$(~(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK | KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET)), %rax
+	movq	%rax, %cr3
+2:
+#endif
 	call	do_nmi

+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	/*
+	 * Unconditionally restore CR3.  I know we return to
+	 * kernel code that needs user CR3, but do we ever return
+	 * to "user mode" where we need the kernel CR3?
+	 */
+	ALTERNATIVE "", "popq %rax; movq %rax, %cr3", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+#endif
+
 	/*
 	 * Return back to user mode.  We must *not* do the normal exit
-	 * work, because we don't want to enable interrupts.  Fortunately,
-	 * do_nmi doesn't modify pt_regs.
+	 * work, because we don't want to enable interrupts.  Do not
+	 * switch to user CR3: we might be going back to kernel code
+	 * that had a user CR3 set.
 	 */
 	SWAPGS
 	jmp	restore_c_regs_and_iret
@@ -1465,22 +1559,55 @@ end_repeat_nmi:
 	ALLOC_PT_GPREGS_ON_STACK

 	/*
-	 * Use paranoid_entry to handle SWAPGS, but no need to use paranoid_exit
-	 * as we should not be calling schedule in NMI context.
-	 * Even with normal interrupts enabled. An NMI should not be
-	 * setting NEED_RESCHED or anything that normal interrupts and
-	 * exceptions might do.
+	 * Use the same approach as paranoid_entry to handle SWAPGS, but
+	 * without CR3 handling since we do that differently in NMIs.  No
+	 * need to use paranoid_exit as we should not be calling schedule
+	 * in NMI context.  Even with normal interrupts enabled. An NMI
+	 * should not be setting NEED_RESCHED or anything that normal
+	 * interrupts and exceptions might do.
 	 */
-	call	paranoid_entry
-
-	/* paranoidentry do_nmi, 0; without TRACE_IRQS_OFF */
+	cld
+	SAVE_C_REGS
+	SAVE_EXTRA_REGS
+	movl	$1, %ebx
+	movl	$MSR_GS_BASE, %ecx
+	rdmsr
+	testl	%edx, %edx
+	js	1f				/* negative -> in kernel */
+	SWAPGS
+	xorl	%ebx, %ebx
+1:
 	movq	%rsp, %rdi
 	movq	$-1, %rsi
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	/* Unconditionally use kernel CR3 for do_nmi() */
+	/* %rax is saved above, so OK to clobber here */
+	ALTERNATIVE "jmp 2f", "movq %cr3, %rax", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+	/* If PCID enabled, NOFLUSH now and NOFLUSH on return */
+	ALTERNATIVE "", "bts $63, %rax", X86_FEATURE_PCID
+	pushq	%rax
+	/* mask off "user" bit of pgd address and 12 PCID bits: */
+	andq	$(~(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK | KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET)), %rax
+	movq	%rax, %cr3
+2:
+#endif
+
+	/* paranoidentry do_nmi, 0; without TRACE_IRQS_OFF */
 	call	do_nmi

+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	/*
+	 * Unconditionally restore CR3.  We might be returning to
+	 * kernel code that needs user CR3, like just just before
+	 * a sysret.
+	 */
+	ALTERNATIVE "", "popq %rax; movq %rax, %cr3", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+#endif
+
 	testl	%ebx, %ebx			/* swapgs needed? */
 	jnz	nmi_restore
 nmi_swapgs:
+	/* We fixed up CR3 above, so no need to switch it here */
 	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
 nmi_restore:
 	RESTORE_EXTRA_REGS
--- a/arch/x86/entry/entry_64_compat.S
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/entry_64_compat.S
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #include <asm/irqflags.h>
 #include <asm/asm.h>
 #include <asm/smap.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable_types.h>
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>

@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@
 ENTRY(entry_SYSENTER_compat)
 	/* Interrupts are off on entry. */
 	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3_NO_STACK
 	movq	PER_CPU_VAR(cpu_current_top_of_stack), %rsp

 	/*
@@ -184,6 +187,7 @@ ENDPROC(entry_SYSENTER_compat)
 ENTRY(entry_SYSCALL_compat)
 	/* Interrupts are off on entry. */
 	SWAPGS_UNSAFE_STACK
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3_NO_STACK

 	/* Stash user ESP and switch to the kernel stack. */
 	movl	%esp, %r8d
@@ -259,6 +263,7 @@ sysret32_from_system_call:
 	xorq	%r8, %r8
 	xorq	%r9, %r9
 	xorq	%r10, %r10
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	movq	RSP-ORIG_RAX(%rsp), %rsp
 	swapgs
 	sysretl
@@ -297,7 +302,7 @@ ENTRY(entry_INT80_compat)
 	PARAVIRT_ADJUST_EXCEPTION_FRAME
 	ASM_CLAC			/* Do this early to minimize exposure */
 	SWAPGS
-
+	SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3_NO_STACK
 	/*
 	 * User tracing code (ptrace or signal handlers) might assume that
 	 * the saved RAX contains a 32-bit number when we're invoking a 32-bit
@@ -338,6 +343,7 @@ ENTRY(entry_INT80_compat)

 	/* Go back to user mode. */
 	TRACE_IRQS_ON
+	SWITCH_USER_CR3
 	SWAPGS
 	jmp	restore_regs_and_iret
 END(entry_INT80_compat)
--- a/arch/x86/events/intel/ds.c
+++ b/arch/x86/events/intel/ds.c
@@ -2,11 +2,15 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>

+#include <asm/kaiser.h>
 #include <asm/perf_event.h>
 #include <asm/insn.h>

 #include "../perf_event.h"

+static
+DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(struct debug_store, cpu_debug_store);
+
 /* The size of a BTS record in bytes: */
 #define BTS_RECORD_SIZE		24

@@ -268,6 +272,39 @@ void fini_debug_store_on_cpu(int cpu)

 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(void *, insn_buffer);

+static void *dsalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	unsigned int order = get_order(size);
+	struct page *page;
+	unsigned long addr;
+
+	page = __alloc_pages_node(node, flags | __GFP_ZERO, order);
+	if (!page)
+		return NULL;
+	addr = (unsigned long)page_address(page);
+	if (kaiser_add_mapping(addr, size, __PAGE_KERNEL) < 0) {
+		__free_pages(page, order);
+		addr = 0;
+	}
+	return (void *)addr;
+#else
+	return kmalloc_node(size, flags | __GFP_ZERO, node);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void dsfree(const void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	if (!buffer)
+		return;
+	kaiser_remove_mapping((unsigned long)buffer, size);
+	free_pages((unsigned long)buffer, get_order(size));
+#else
+	kfree(buffer);
+#endif
+}
+
 static int alloc_pebs_buffer(int cpu)
 {
 	struct debug_store *ds = per_cpu(cpu_hw_events, cpu).ds;
@@ -278,7 +315,7 @@ static int alloc_pebs_buffer(int cpu)
 	if (!x86_pmu.pebs)
 		return 0;

-	buffer = kzalloc_node(x86_pmu.pebs_buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL, node);
+	buffer = dsalloc(x86_pmu.pebs_buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL, node);
 	if (unlikely(!buffer))
 		return -ENOMEM;

@@ -289,7 +326,7 @@ static int alloc_pebs_buffer(int cpu)
 	if (x86_pmu.intel_cap.pebs_format < 2) {
 		ibuffer = kzalloc_node(PEBS_FIXUP_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL, node);
 		if (!ibuffer) {
-			kfree(buffer);
+			dsfree(buffer, x86_pmu.pebs_buffer_size);
 			return -ENOMEM;
 		}
 		per_cpu(insn_buffer, cpu) = ibuffer;
@@ -315,7 +352,8 @@ static void release_pebs_buffer(int cpu)
 	kfree(per_cpu(insn_buffer, cpu));
 	per_cpu(insn_buffer, cpu) = NULL;

-	kfree((void *)(unsigned long)ds->pebs_buffer_base);
+	dsfree((void *)(unsigned long)ds->pebs_buffer_base,
+			x86_pmu.pebs_buffer_size);
 	ds->pebs_buffer_base = 0;
 }

@@ -329,7 +367,7 @@ static int alloc_bts_buffer(int cpu)
 	if (!x86_pmu.bts)
 		return 0;

-	buffer = kzalloc_node(BTS_BUFFER_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN, node);
+	buffer = dsalloc(BTS_BUFFER_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN, node);
 	if (unlikely(!buffer)) {
 		WARN_ONCE(1, "%s: BTS buffer allocation failure\n", __func__);
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -355,19 +393,15 @@ static void release_bts_buffer(int cpu)
 	if (!ds || !x86_pmu.bts)
 		return;

-	kfree((void *)(unsigned long)ds->bts_buffer_base);
+	dsfree((void *)(unsigned long)ds->bts_buffer_base, BTS_BUFFER_SIZE);
 	ds->bts_buffer_base = 0;
 }

 static int alloc_ds_buffer(int cpu)
 {
-	int node = cpu_to_node(cpu);
-	struct debug_store *ds;
-
-	ds = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*ds), GFP_KERNEL, node);
-	if (unlikely(!ds))
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	struct debug_store *ds = per_cpu_ptr(&cpu_debug_store, cpu);

+	memset(ds, 0, sizeof(*ds));
 	per_cpu(cpu_hw_events, cpu).ds = ds;

 	return 0;
@@ -381,7 +415,6 @@ static void release_ds_buffer(int cpu)
 		return;

 	per_cpu(cpu_hw_events, cpu).ds = NULL;
-	kfree(ds);
 }

 void release_ds_buffers(void)
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cmdline.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cmdline.h
@@ -2,5 +2,7 @@
 #define _ASM_X86_CMDLINE_H

 int cmdline_find_option_bool(const char *cmdline_ptr, const char *option);
+int cmdline_find_option(const char *cmdline_ptr, const char *option,
+			char *buffer, int bufsize);

 #endif /* _ASM_X86_CMDLINE_H */
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@

 #define X86_FEATURE_CPB		( 7*32+ 2) /* AMD Core Performance Boost */
 #define X86_FEATURE_EPB		( 7*32+ 3) /* IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS support */
+#define X86_FEATURE_INVPCID_SINGLE ( 7*32+ 4) /* Effectively INVPCID && CR4.PCIDE=1 */

 #define X86_FEATURE_HW_PSTATE	( 7*32+ 8) /* AMD HW-PState */
 #define X86_FEATURE_PROC_FEEDBACK ( 7*32+ 9) /* AMD ProcFeedbackInterface */
@@ -197,6 +198,9 @@
 #define X86_FEATURE_AVX512_4VNNIW (7*32+16) /* AVX-512 Neural Network Instructions */
 #define X86_FEATURE_AVX512_4FMAPS (7*32+17) /* AVX-512 Multiply Accumulation Single precision */

+/* Because the ALTERNATIVE scheme is for members of the X86_FEATURE club... */
+#define X86_FEATURE_KAISER	( 7*32+31) /* CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION w/o nokaiser */
+
 /* Virtualization flags: Linux defined, word 8 */
 #define X86_FEATURE_TPR_SHADOW  ( 8*32+ 0) /* Intel TPR Shadow */
 #define X86_FEATURE_VNMI        ( 8*32+ 1) /* Intel Virtual NMI */
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ struct gdt_page {
 	struct desc_struct gdt[GDT_ENTRIES];
 } __attribute__((aligned(PAGE_SIZE)));

-DECLARE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED(struct gdt_page, gdt_page);
+DECLARE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(struct gdt_page, gdt_page);

 static inline struct desc_struct *get_cpu_gdt_table(unsigned int cpu)
 {
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/hw_irq.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/hw_irq.h
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ extern char irq_entries_start[];
 #define VECTOR_RETRIGGERED	((void *)~0UL)

 typedef struct irq_desc* vector_irq_t[NR_VECTORS];
-DECLARE_PER_CPU(vector_irq_t, vector_irq);
+DECLARE_PER_CPU_USER_MAPPED(vector_irq_t, vector_irq);

 #endif /* !ASSEMBLY_ */

--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kaiser.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kaiser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+#ifndef _ASM_X86_KAISER_H
+#define _ASM_X86_KAISER_H
+
+#include <uapi/asm/processor-flags.h> /* For PCID constants */
+
+/*
+ * This file includes the definitions for the KAISER feature.
+ * KAISER is a counter measure against x86_64 side channel attacks on
+ * the kernel virtual memory.  It has a shadow pgd for every process: the
+ * shadow pgd has a minimalistic kernel-set mapped, but includes the whole
+ * user memory. Within a kernel context switch, or when an interrupt is handled,
+ * the pgd is switched to the normal one. When the system switches to user mode,
+ * the shadow pgd is enabled. By this, the virtual memory caches are freed,
+ * and the user may not attack the whole kernel memory.
+ *
+ * A minimalistic kernel mapping holds the parts needed to be mapped in user
+ * mode, such as the entry/exit functions of the user space, or the stacks.
+ */
+
+#define KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET 0x1000
+
+#ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+
+.macro _SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 reg
+movq %cr3, \reg
+andq $(~(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK | KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET)), \reg
+/* If PCID enabled, set X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH_BIT */
+ALTERNATIVE "", "bts $63, \reg", X86_FEATURE_PCID
+movq \reg, %cr3
+.endm
+
+.macro _SWITCH_TO_USER_CR3 reg regb
+/*
+ * regb must be the low byte portion of reg: because we have arranged
+ * for the low byte of the user PCID to serve as the high byte of NOFLUSH
+ * (0x80 for each when PCID is enabled, or 0x00 when PCID and NOFLUSH are
+ * not enabled): so that the one register can update both memory and cr3.
+ */
+movq %cr3, \reg
+orq  PER_CPU_VAR(x86_cr3_pcid_user), \reg
+js   9f
+/* If PCID enabled, FLUSH this time, reset to NOFLUSH for next time */
+movb \regb, PER_CPU_VAR(x86_cr3_pcid_user+7)
+9:
+movq \reg, %cr3
+.endm
+
+.macro SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3
+ALTERNATIVE "jmp 8f", "pushq %rax", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+_SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 %rax
+popq %rax
+8:
+.endm
+
+.macro SWITCH_USER_CR3
+ALTERNATIVE "jmp 8f", "pushq %rax", X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+_SWITCH_TO_USER_CR3 %rax %al
+popq %rax
+8:
+.endm
+
+.macro SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3_NO_STACK
+ALTERNATIVE "jmp 8f", \
+	__stringify(movq %rax, PER_CPU_VAR(unsafe_stack_register_backup)), \
+	X86_FEATURE_KAISER
+_SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 %rax
+movq PER_CPU_VAR(unsafe_stack_register_backup), %rax
+8:
+.endm
+
+#else /* CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
+
+.macro SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3
+.endm
+.macro SWITCH_USER_CR3
+.endm
+.macro SWITCH_KERNEL_CR3_NO_STACK
+.endm
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
+
+#else /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+/*
+ * Upon kernel/user mode switch, it may happen that the address
+ * space has to be switched before the registers have been
+ * stored.  To change the address space, another register is
+ * needed.  A register therefore has to be stored/restored.
+*/
+DECLARE_PER_CPU_USER_MAPPED(unsigned long, unsafe_stack_register_backup);
+
+DECLARE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, x86_cr3_pcid_user);
+
+extern char __per_cpu_user_mapped_start[], __per_cpu_user_mapped_end[];
+
+extern int kaiser_enabled;
+extern void __init kaiser_check_boottime_disable(void);
+#else
+#define kaiser_enabled	0
+static inline void __init kaiser_check_boottime_disable(void) {}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
+
+/*
+ * Kaiser function prototypes are needed even when CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION is not set,
+ * so as to build with tests on kaiser_enabled instead of #ifdefs.
+ */
+
+/**
+ *  kaiser_add_mapping - map a virtual memory part to the shadow (user) mapping
+ *  @addr: the start address of the range
+ *  @size: the size of the range
+ *  @flags: The mapping flags of the pages
+ *
+ *  The mapping is done on a global scope, so no bigger
+ *  synchronization has to be done.  the pages have to be
+ *  manually unmapped again when they are not needed any longer.
+ */
+extern int kaiser_add_mapping(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size, unsigned long flags);
+
+/**
+ *  kaiser_remove_mapping - unmap a virtual memory part of the shadow mapping
+ *  @addr: the start address of the range
+ *  @size: the size of the range
+ */
+extern void kaiser_remove_mapping(unsigned long start, unsigned long size);
+
+/**
+ *  kaiser_init - Initialize the shadow mapping
+ *
+ *  Most parts of the shadow mapping can be mapped upon boot
+ *  time.  Only per-process things like the thread stacks
+ *  or a new LDT have to be mapped at runtime.  These boot-
+ *  time mappings are permanent and never unmapped.
+ */
+extern void kaiser_init(void);
+
+#endif /* __ASSEMBLY */
+
+#endif /* _ASM_X86_KAISER_H */
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@
 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
 #include <asm/x86_init.h>

+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+extern int kaiser_enabled;
+#else
+#define kaiser_enabled 0
+#endif
+
 void ptdump_walk_pgd_level(struct seq_file *m, pgd_t *pgd);
 void ptdump_walk_pgd_level_checkwx(void);

@@ -690,7 +696,17 @@ static inline pud_t *pud_offset(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long address)

 static inline int pgd_bad(pgd_t pgd)
 {
-	return (pgd_flags(pgd) & ~_PAGE_USER) != _KERNPG_TABLE;
+	pgdval_t ignore_flags = _PAGE_USER;
+	/*
+	 * We set NX on KAISER pgds that map userspace memory so
+	 * that userspace can not meaningfully use the kernel
+	 * page table by accident; it will fault on the first
+	 * instruction it tries to run.  See native_set_pgd().
+	 */
+	if (kaiser_enabled)
+		ignore_flags |= _PAGE_NX;
+
+	return (pgd_flags(pgd) & ~ignore_flags) != _KERNPG_TABLE;
 }

 static inline int pgd_none(pgd_t pgd)
@@ -903,7 +919,15 @@ static inline void pmdp_set_wrprotect(struct mm_struct *mm,
 */
 static inline void clone_pgd_range(pgd_t *dst, pgd_t *src, int count)
 {
-       memcpy(dst, src, count * sizeof(pgd_t));
+	memcpy(dst, src, count * sizeof(pgd_t));
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	if (kaiser_enabled) {
+		/* Clone the shadow pgd part as well */
+		memcpy(native_get_shadow_pgd(dst),
+			native_get_shadow_pgd(src),
+			count * sizeof(pgd_t));
+	}
+#endif
 }

 #define PTE_SHIFT ilog2(PTRS_PER_PTE)
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64.h
@@ -106,9 +106,32 @@ static inline void native_pud_clear(pud_t *pud)
 	native_set_pud(pud, native_make_pud(0));
 }

+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+extern pgd_t kaiser_set_shadow_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp, pgd_t pgd);
+
+static inline pgd_t *native_get_shadow_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM
+	/* linux/mmdebug.h may not have been included at this point */
+	BUG_ON(!kaiser_enabled);
+#endif
+	return (pgd_t *)((unsigned long)pgdp | (unsigned long)PAGE_SIZE);
+}
+#else
+static inline pgd_t kaiser_set_shadow_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp, pgd_t pgd)
+{
+	return pgd;
+}
+static inline pgd_t *native_get_shadow_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp)
+{
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(1);
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
+
 static inline void native_set_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp, pgd_t pgd)
 {
-	*pgdp = pgd;
+	*pgdp = kaiser_set_shadow_pgd(pgdp, pgd);
 }

 static inline void native_pgd_clear(pgd_t *pgd)
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
 #define _PAGE_DEVMAP	(_AT(pteval_t, 0))
 #endif

-#define _PAGE_PROTNONE	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_PROTNONE)
+#define _PAGE_PROTNONE  (_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_PROTNONE)

 #define _PAGE_TABLE	(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_RW | _PAGE_USER |	\
 			 _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY)
@@ -137,6 +137,33 @@
 			 _PAGE_SOFT_DIRTY)
 #define _HPAGE_CHG_MASK (_PAGE_CHG_MASK | _PAGE_PSE)

+/* The ASID is the lower 12 bits of CR3 */
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK  (_AC((1<<12)-1,UL))
+
+/* Mask for all the PCID-related bits in CR3: */
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_MASK       (X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH | X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_KERN  (_AC(0x0,UL))
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION) && defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
+/* Let X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER be usable for the X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH bit */
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER	(_AC(0x80,UL))
+
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_KERN_FLUSH		(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_KERN)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_USER_FLUSH		(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_KERN_NOFLUSH	(X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH | X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_KERN)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_USER_NOFLUSH	(X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH | X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER)
+#else
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER  (_AC(0x0,UL))
+/*
+ * PCIDs are unsupported on 32-bit and none of these bits can be
+ * set in CR3:
+ */
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_KERN_FLUSH		(0)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_USER_FLUSH		(0)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_KERN_NOFLUSH	(0)
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_USER_NOFLUSH	(0)
+#endif
+
 /*
 * The cache modes defined here are used to translate between pure SW usage
 * and the HW defined cache mode bits and/or PAT entries.
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ struct tss_struct {

 } ____cacheline_aligned;

-DECLARE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct tss_struct, cpu_tss);
+DECLARE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(struct tss_struct, cpu_tss);

 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
 DECLARE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, cpu_current_top_of_stack);
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/tlbflush.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/tlbflush.h
@@ -132,6 +132,24 @@ static inline void cr4_set_bits_and_update_boot(unsigned long mask)
 	cr4_set_bits(mask);
 }

+/*
+ * Declare a couple of kaiser interfaces here for convenience,
+ * to avoid the need for asm/kaiser.h in unexpected places.
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+extern int kaiser_enabled;
+extern void kaiser_setup_pcid(void);
+extern void kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user(void);
+#else
+#define kaiser_enabled 0
+static inline void kaiser_setup_pcid(void)
+{
+}
+static inline void kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user(void)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
 static inline void __native_flush_tlb(void)
 {
 	/*
@@ -140,6 +158,8 @@ static inline void __native_flush_tlb(void)
 	 * back:
 	 */
 	preempt_disable();
+	if (kaiser_enabled)
+		kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user();
 	native_write_cr3(native_read_cr3());
 	preempt_enable();
 }
@@ -149,20 +169,27 @@ static inline void __native_flush_tlb_global_irq_disabled(void)
 	unsigned long cr4;

 	cr4 = this_cpu_read(cpu_tlbstate.cr4);
-	/* clear PGE */
-	native_write_cr4(cr4 & ~X86_CR4_PGE);
-	/* write old PGE again and flush TLBs */
-	native_write_cr4(cr4);
+	if (cr4 & X86_CR4_PGE) {
+		/* clear PGE and flush TLB of all entries */
+		native_write_cr4(cr4 & ~X86_CR4_PGE);
+		/* restore PGE as it was before */
+		native_write_cr4(cr4);
+	} else {
+		/* do it with cr3, letting kaiser flush user PCID */
+		__native_flush_tlb();
+	}
 }

 static inline void __native_flush_tlb_global(void)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;

-	if (static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_INVPCID)) {
+	if (this_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_INVPCID)) {
 		/*
 		 * Using INVPCID is considerably faster than a pair of writes
 		 * to CR4 sandwiched inside an IRQ flag save/restore.
+		 *
+		 * Note, this works with CR4.PCIDE=0 or 1.
 		 */
 		invpcid_flush_all();
 		return;
@@ -174,24 +201,45 @@ static inline void __native_flush_tlb_global(void)
 	 * be called from deep inside debugging code.)
 	 */
 	raw_local_irq_save(flags);
-
 	__native_flush_tlb_global_irq_disabled();
-
 	raw_local_irq_restore(flags);
 }

 static inline void __native_flush_tlb_single(unsigned long addr)
 {
-	asm volatile("invlpg (%0)" ::"r" (addr) : "memory");
+	/*
+	 * SIMICS #GP's if you run INVPCID with type 2/3
+	 * and X86_CR4_PCIDE clear.  Shame!
+	 *
+	 * The ASIDs used below are hard-coded.  But, we must not
+	 * call invpcid(type=1/2) before CR4.PCIDE=1.  Just call
+	 * invlpg in the case we are called early.
+	 */
+
+	if (!this_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_INVPCID_SINGLE)) {
+		if (kaiser_enabled)
+			kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user();
+		asm volatile("invlpg (%0)" ::"r" (addr) : "memory");
+		return;
+	}
+	/* Flush the address out of both PCIDs. */
+	/*
+	 * An optimization here might be to determine addresses
+	 * that are only kernel-mapped and only flush the kernel
+	 * ASID.  But, userspace flushes are probably much more
+	 * important performance-wise.
+	 *
+	 * Make sure to do only a single invpcid when KAISER is
+	 * disabled and we have only a single ASID.
+	 */
+	if (kaiser_enabled)
+		invpcid_flush_one(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER, addr);
+	invpcid_flush_one(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_KERN, addr);
 }

 static inline void __flush_tlb_all(void)
 {
-	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PGE))
-		__flush_tlb_global();
-	else
-		__flush_tlb();
-
+	__flush_tlb_global();
 	/*
 	 * Note: if we somehow had PCID but not PGE, then this wouldn't work --
 	 * we'd end up flushing kernel translations for the current ASID but
--- a/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/processor-flags.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/processor-flags.h
@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@
 #define X86_CR3_PWT		_BITUL(X86_CR3_PWT_BIT)
 #define X86_CR3_PCD_BIT		4 /* Page Cache Disable */
 #define X86_CR3_PCD		_BITUL(X86_CR3_PCD_BIT)
-#define X86_CR3_PCID_MASK	_AC(0x00000fff,UL) /* PCID Mask */
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH_BIT 63 /* Preserve old PCID */
+#define X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH    _BITULL(X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH_BIT)

 /*
 * Intel CPU features in CR4
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ static const struct cpu_dev default_cpu = {

 static const struct cpu_dev *this_cpu = &default_cpu;

-DEFINE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED(struct gdt_page, gdt_page) = { .gdt = {
+DEFINE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(struct gdt_page, gdt_page) = { .gdt = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	/*
 	 * We need valid kernel segments for data and code in long mode too
@@ -327,8 +327,21 @@ static __always_inline void setup_smap(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
 static void setup_pcid(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
 {
 	if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_PCID)) {
-		if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_PGE)) {
+		if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_PGE) || kaiser_enabled) {
 			cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PCIDE);
+			/*
+			 * INVPCID has two "groups" of types:
+			 * 1/2: Invalidate an individual address
+			 * 3/4: Invalidate all contexts
+			 *
+			 * 1/2 take a PCID, but 3/4 do not.  So, 3/4
+			 * ignore the PCID argument in the descriptor.
+			 * But, we have to be careful not to call 1/2
+			 * with an actual non-zero PCID in them before
+			 * we do the above cr4_set_bits().
+			 */
+			if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_INVPCID))
+				set_cpu_cap(c, X86_FEATURE_INVPCID_SINGLE);
 		} else {
 			/*
 			 * flush_tlb_all(), as currently implemented, won't
@@ -341,6 +354,7 @@ static void setup_pcid(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
 			clear_cpu_cap(c, X86_FEATURE_PCID);
 		}
 	}
+	kaiser_setup_pcid();
 }

 /*
@@ -1365,7 +1379,7 @@ static const unsigned int exception_stack_sizes[N_EXCEPTION_STACKS] = {
 	  [DEBUG_STACK - 1]			= DEBUG_STKSZ
 };

-static DEFINE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED(char, exception_stacks
+DEFINE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(char, exception_stacks
 	[(N_EXCEPTION_STACKS - 1) * EXCEPTION_STKSZ + DEBUG_STKSZ]);

 /* May not be marked __init: used by software suspend */
@@ -1523,6 +1537,14 @@ void cpu_init(void)
 	 * try to read it.
 	 */
 	cr4_init_shadow();
+	if (!kaiser_enabled) {
+		/*
+		 * secondary_startup_64() deferred setting PGE in cr4:
+		 * probe_page_size_mask() sets it on the boot cpu,
+		 * but it needs to be set on each secondary cpu.
+		 */
+		cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PGE);
+	}

 	/*
 	 * Load microcode on this cpu if a valid microcode is available.
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/espfix_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/espfix_64.c
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
 #include <asm/setup.h>
 #include <asm/espfix.h>
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>

 /*
 * Note: we only need 6*8 = 48 bytes for the espfix stack, but round
@@ -126,6 +127,15 @@ void __init init_espfix_bsp(void)
 	/* Install the espfix pud into the kernel page directory */
 	pgd_p = &init_level4_pgt[pgd_index(ESPFIX_BASE_ADDR)];
 	pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd_p, (pud_t *)espfix_pud_page);
+	/*
+	 * Just copy the top-level PGD that is mapping the espfix
+	 * area to ensure it is mapped into the shadow user page
+	 * tables.
+	 */
+	if (kaiser_enabled) {
+		set_pgd(native_get_shadow_pgd(pgd_p),
+			__pgd(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa((pud_t *)espfix_pud_page)));
+	}

 	/* Randomize the locations */
 	init_espfix_random();
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S
@@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ ENTRY(secondary_startup_64)
 	movq	$(init_level4_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map), %rax
 1:

-	/* Enable PAE mode and PGE */
-	movl	$(X86_CR4_PAE | X86_CR4_PGE), %ecx
+	/* Enable PAE and PSE, but defer PGE until kaiser_enabled is decided */
+	movl	$(X86_CR4_PAE | X86_CR4_PSE), %ecx
 	movq	%rcx, %cr4

 	/* Setup early boot stage 4 level pagetables. */
@@ -405,6 +405,27 @@ GLOBAL(early_recursion_flag)
 	.balign	PAGE_SIZE; \
 GLOBAL(name)

+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+/*
+ * Each PGD needs to be 8k long and 8k aligned.  We do not
+ * ever go out to userspace with these, so we do not
+ * strictly *need* the second page, but this allows us to
+ * have a single set_pgd() implementation that does not
+ * need to worry about whether it has 4k or 8k to work
+ * with.
+ *
+ * This ensures PGDs are 8k long:
+ */
+#define KAISER_USER_PGD_FILL	512
+/* This ensures they are 8k-aligned: */
+#define NEXT_PGD_PAGE(name) \
+	.balign 2 * PAGE_SIZE; \
+GLOBAL(name)
+#else
+#define NEXT_PGD_PAGE(name) NEXT_PAGE(name)
+#define KAISER_USER_PGD_FILL	0
+#endif
+
 /* Automate the creation of 1 to 1 mapping pmd entries */
 #define PMDS(START, PERM, COUNT)			\
 	i = 0 ;						\
@@ -414,9 +435,10 @@ GLOBAL(name)
 	.endr

 	__INITDATA
-NEXT_PAGE(early_level4_pgt)
+NEXT_PGD_PAGE(early_level4_pgt)
 	.fill	511,8,0
 	.quad	level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE
+	.fill	KAISER_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0

 NEXT_PAGE(early_dynamic_pgts)
 	.fill	512*EARLY_DYNAMIC_PAGE_TABLES,8,0
@@ -424,16 +446,18 @@ NEXT_PAGE(early_dynamic_pgts)
 	.data

 #ifndef CONFIG_XEN
-NEXT_PAGE(init_level4_pgt)
+NEXT_PGD_PAGE(init_level4_pgt)
 	.fill	512,8,0
+	.fill	KAISER_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0
 #else
-NEXT_PAGE(init_level4_pgt)
+NEXT_PGD_PAGE(init_level4_pgt)
 	.quad   level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
 	.org    init_level4_pgt + L4_PAGE_OFFSET*8, 0
 	.quad   level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
 	.org    init_level4_pgt + L4_START_KERNEL*8, 0
 	/* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024))/(2^39) = 511 */
 	.quad   level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE
+	.fill	KAISER_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0

 NEXT_PAGE(level3_ident_pgt)
 	.quad	level2_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
@@ -444,6 +468,7 @@ NEXT_PAGE(level2_ident_pgt)
 	 */
 	PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_IDENT_LARGE_EXEC, PTRS_PER_PMD)
 #endif
+	.fill	KAISER_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0

 NEXT_PAGE(level3_kernel_pgt)
 	.fill	L3_START_KERNEL,8,0
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static struct irqaction irq2 = {
 	.flags = IRQF_NO_THREAD,
 };

-DEFINE_PER_CPU(vector_irq_t, vector_irq) = {
+DEFINE_PER_CPU_USER_MAPPED(vector_irq_t, vector_irq) = {
 	[0 ... NR_VECTORS - 1] = VECTOR_UNUSED,
 };

--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/kaiser.h>

 #include <asm/ldt.h>
 #include <asm/desc.h>
@@ -34,11 +35,21 @@ static void flush_ldt(void *current_mm)
 	set_ldt(pc->ldt->entries, pc->ldt->size);
 }

+static void __free_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
+{
+	if (ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
+		vfree(ldt->entries);
+	else
+		free_page((unsigned long)ldt->entries);
+	kfree(ldt);
+}
+
 /* The caller must call finalize_ldt_struct on the result. LDT starts zeroed. */
 static struct ldt_struct *alloc_ldt_struct(int size)
 {
 	struct ldt_struct *new_ldt;
 	int alloc_size;
+	int ret;

 	if (size > LDT_ENTRIES)
 		return NULL;
@@ -66,7 +77,13 @@ static struct ldt_struct *alloc_ldt_struct(int size)
 		return NULL;
 	}

+	ret = kaiser_add_mapping((unsigned long)new_ldt->entries, alloc_size,
+				 __PAGE_KERNEL);
 	new_ldt->size = size;
+	if (ret) {
+		__free_ldt_struct(new_ldt);
+		return NULL;
+	}
 	return new_ldt;
 }

@@ -92,12 +109,10 @@ static void free_ldt_struct(struct ldt_struct *ldt)
 	if (likely(!ldt))
 		return;

+	kaiser_remove_mapping((unsigned long)ldt->entries,
+			      ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE);
 	paravirt_free_ldt(ldt->entries, ldt->size);
-	if (ldt->size * LDT_ENTRY_SIZE > PAGE_SIZE)
-		vfree(ldt->entries);
-	else
-		free_page((unsigned long)ldt->entries);
-	kfree(ldt);
+	__free_ldt_struct(ldt);
 }

 /*
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_64.c
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ DEF_NATIVE(pv_irq_ops, save_fl, "pushfq; popq %rax");
 DEF_NATIVE(pv_mmu_ops, read_cr2, "movq %cr2, %rax");
 DEF_NATIVE(pv_mmu_ops, read_cr3, "movq %cr3, %rax");
 DEF_NATIVE(pv_mmu_ops, write_cr3, "movq %rdi, %cr3");
-DEF_NATIVE(pv_mmu_ops, flush_tlb_single, "invlpg (%rdi)");
 DEF_NATIVE(pv_cpu_ops, clts, "clts");
 DEF_NATIVE(pv_cpu_ops, wbinvd, "wbinvd");

@@ -59,7 +58,6 @@ unsigned native_patch(u8 type, u16 clobbers, void *ibuf,
 		PATCH_SITE(pv_mmu_ops, read_cr3);
 		PATCH_SITE(pv_mmu_ops, write_cr3);
 		PATCH_SITE(pv_cpu_ops, clts);
-		PATCH_SITE(pv_mmu_ops, flush_tlb_single);
 		PATCH_SITE(pv_cpu_ops, wbinvd);
 #if defined(CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS)
 		case PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_lock_ops.queued_spin_unlock):
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 * section. Since TSS's are completely CPU-local, we want them
 * on exact cacheline boundaries, to eliminate cacheline ping-pong.
 */
-__visible DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct tss_struct, cpu_tss) = {
+__visible DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(struct tss_struct, cpu_tss) = {
 	.x86_tss = {
 		.sp0 = TOP_OF_INIT_STACK,
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@
 #include <asm/microcode.h>
 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 #include <asm/kaslr.h>
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>

 /*
 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
@@ -1019,6 +1020,12 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	 */
 	init_hypervisor_platform();

+	/*
+	 * This needs to happen right after XENPV is set on xen and
+	 * kaiser_enabled is checked below in cleanup_highmap().
+	 */
+	kaiser_check_boottime_disable();
+
 	x86_init.resources.probe_roms();

 	/* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.c
@@ -9,10 +9,12 @@
 #include <linux/atomic.h>

 atomic_t trace_idt_ctr = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
+__aligned(PAGE_SIZE)
 struct desc_ptr trace_idt_descr = { NR_VECTORS * 16 - 1,
 				(unsigned long) trace_idt_table };

 /* No need to be aligned, but done to keep all IDTs defined the same way. */
+__aligned(PAGE_SIZE)
 gate_desc trace_idt_table[NR_VECTORS] __page_aligned_bss;

 static int trace_irq_vector_refcount;
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -773,7 +773,8 @@ int kvm_set_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
 			return 1;

 		/* PCID can not be enabled when cr3[11:0]!=000H or EFER.LMA=0 */
-		if ((kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) & X86_CR3_PCID_MASK) || !is_long_mode(vcpu))
+		if ((kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) & X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_MASK) ||
+		    !is_long_mode(vcpu))
 			return 1;
 	}

--- a/arch/x86/lib/cmdline.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/cmdline.c
@@ -104,7 +104,112 @@ __cmdline_find_option_bool(const char *cmdline, int max_cmdline_size,
 	return 0;	/* Buffer overrun */
 }

+/*
+ * Find a non-boolean option (i.e. option=argument). In accordance with
+ * standard Linux practice, if this option is repeated, this returns the
+ * last instance on the command line.
+ *
+ * @cmdline: the cmdline string
+ * @max_cmdline_size: the maximum size of cmdline
+ * @option: option string to look for
+ * @buffer: memory buffer to return the option argument
+ * @bufsize: size of the supplied memory buffer
+ *
+ * Returns the length of the argument (regardless of if it was
+ * truncated to fit in the buffer), or -1 on not found.
+ */
+static int
+__cmdline_find_option(const char *cmdline, int max_cmdline_size,
+		      const char *option, char *buffer, int bufsize)
+{
+	char c;
+	int pos = 0, len = -1;
+	const char *opptr = NULL;
+	char *bufptr = buffer;
+	enum {
+		st_wordstart = 0,	/* Start of word/after whitespace */
+		st_wordcmp,	/* Comparing this word */
+		st_wordskip,	/* Miscompare, skip */
+		st_bufcpy,	/* Copying this to buffer */
+	} state = st_wordstart;
+
+	if (!cmdline)
+		return -1;      /* No command line */
+
+	/*
+	 * This 'pos' check ensures we do not overrun
+	 * a non-NULL-terminated 'cmdline'
+	 */
+	while (pos++ < max_cmdline_size) {
+		c = *(char *)cmdline++;
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+
+		switch (state) {
+		case st_wordstart:
+			if (myisspace(c))
+				break;
+
+			state = st_wordcmp;
+			opptr = option;
+			/* fall through */
+
+		case st_wordcmp:
+			if ((c == '=') && !*opptr) {
+				/*
+				 * We matched all the way to the end of the
+				 * option we were looking for, prepare to
+				 * copy the argument.
+				 */
+				len = 0;
+				bufptr = buffer;
+				state = st_bufcpy;
+				break;
+			} else if (c == *opptr++) {
+				/*
+				 * We are currently matching, so continue
+				 * to the next character on the cmdline.
+				 */
+				break;
+			}
+			state = st_wordskip;
+			/* fall through */
+
+		case st_wordskip:
+			if (myisspace(c))
+				state = st_wordstart;
+			break;
+
+		case st_bufcpy:
+			if (myisspace(c)) {
+				state = st_wordstart;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * Increment len, but don't overrun the
+				 * supplied buffer and leave room for the
+				 * NULL terminator.
+				 */
+				if (++len < bufsize)
+					*bufptr++ = c;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (bufsize)
+		*bufptr = '\0';
+
+	return len;
+}
+
 int cmdline_find_option_bool(const char *cmdline, const char *option)
 {
 	return __cmdline_find_option_bool(cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE, option);
 }
+
+int cmdline_find_option(const char *cmdline, const char *option, char *buffer,
+			int bufsize)
+{
+	return __cmdline_find_option(cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE, option,
+				     buffer, bufsize);
+}
--- a/arch/x86/mm/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/Makefile
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_NUMA_EMU)		+= numa_emulation.o

 obj-$(CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MPX)	+= mpx.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MEMORY_PROTECTION_KEYS) += pkeys.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY) += kaslr.o
-
+obj-$(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MEMORY)	+= kaslr.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION)		+= kaiser.o
--- a/arch/x86/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/init.c
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ static void __init probe_page_size_mask(void)
 		cr4_set_bits_and_update_boot(X86_CR4_PSE);

 	/* Enable PGE if available */
-	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PGE)) {
+	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PGE) && !kaiser_enabled) {
 		cr4_set_bits_and_update_boot(X86_CR4_PGE);
 		__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
 	} else
--- a/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
@@ -324,6 +324,16 @@ void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
 			continue;
 		if (vaddr < (unsigned long) _text || vaddr > end)
 			set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(0));
+		else if (kaiser_enabled) {
+			/*
+			 * level2_kernel_pgt is initialized with _PAGE_GLOBAL:
+			 * clear that now.  This is not important, so long as
+			 * CR4.PGE remains clear, but it removes an anomaly.
+			 * Physical mapping setup below avoids _PAGE_GLOBAL
+			 * by use of massage_pgprot() inside pfn_pte() etc.
+			 */
+			set_pmd(pmd, pmd_clear_flags(*pmd, _PAGE_GLOBAL));
+		}
 	}
 }

--- a/arch/x86/mm/kaiser.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/kaiser.c
@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+#undef pr_fmt
+#define pr_fmt(fmt)     "Kernel/User page tables isolation: " fmt
+
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>
+#include <asm/tlbflush.h>	/* to verify its kaiser declarations */
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
+#include <asm/desc.h>
+#include <asm/cmdline.h>
+
+int kaiser_enabled __read_mostly = 1;
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(kaiser_enabled);	/* for inlined TLB flush functions */
+
+__visible
+DEFINE_PER_CPU_USER_MAPPED(unsigned long, unsafe_stack_register_backup);
+
+/*
+ * These can have bit 63 set, so we can not just use a plain "or"
+ * instruction to get their value or'd into CR3.  It would take
+ * another register.  So, we use a memory reference to these instead.
+ *
+ * This is also handy because systems that do not support PCIDs
+ * just end up or'ing a 0 into their CR3, which does no harm.
+ */
+DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, x86_cr3_pcid_user);
+
+/*
+ * At runtime, the only things we map are some things for CPU
+ * hotplug, and stacks for new processes.  No two CPUs will ever
+ * be populating the same addresses, so we only need to ensure
+ * that we protect between two CPUs trying to allocate and
+ * populate the same page table page.
+ *
+ * Only take this lock when doing a set_p[4um]d(), but it is not
+ * needed for doing a set_pte().  We assume that only the *owner*
+ * of a given allocation will be doing this for _their_
+ * allocation.
+ *
+ * This ensures that once a system has been running for a while
+ * and there have been stacks all over and these page tables
+ * are fully populated, there will be no further acquisitions of
+ * this lock.
+ */
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(shadow_table_allocation_lock);
+
+/*
+ * Returns -1 on error.
+ */
+static inline unsigned long get_pa_from_mapping(unsigned long vaddr)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pte_t *pte;
+
+	pgd = pgd_offset_k(vaddr);
+	/*
+	 * We made all the kernel PGDs present in kaiser_init().
+	 * We expect them to stay that way.
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(pgd_none(*pgd));
+	/*
+	 * PGDs are either 512GB or 128TB on all x86_64
+	 * configurations.  We don't handle these.
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(pgd_large(*pgd));
+
+	pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
+	if (pud_none(*pud)) {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (pud_large(*pud))
+		return (pud_pfn(*pud) << PAGE_SHIFT) | (vaddr & ~PUD_PAGE_MASK);
+
+	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
+	if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (pmd_large(*pmd))
+		return (pmd_pfn(*pmd) << PAGE_SHIFT) | (vaddr & ~PMD_PAGE_MASK);
+
+	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
+	if (pte_none(*pte)) {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return (pte_pfn(*pte) << PAGE_SHIFT) | (vaddr & ~PAGE_MASK);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is a relatively normal page table walk, except that it
+ * also tries to allocate page tables pages along the way.
+ *
+ * Returns a pointer to a PTE on success, or NULL on failure.
+ */
+static pte_t *kaiser_pagetable_walk(unsigned long address)
+{
+	pmd_t *pmd;
+	pud_t *pud;
+	pgd_t *pgd = native_get_shadow_pgd(pgd_offset_k(address));
+	gfp_t gfp = (GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOTRACK | __GFP_ZERO);
+
+	if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
+		WARN_ONCE(1, "All shadow pgds should have been populated");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(pgd_large(*pgd) != 0);
+
+	pud = pud_offset(pgd, address);
+	/* The shadow page tables do not use large mappings: */
+	if (pud_large(*pud)) {
+		WARN_ON(1);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (pud_none(*pud)) {
+		unsigned long new_pmd_page = __get_free_page(gfp);
+		if (!new_pmd_page)
+			return NULL;
+		spin_lock(&shadow_table_allocation_lock);
+		if (pud_none(*pud)) {
+			set_pud(pud, __pud(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(new_pmd_page)));
+			__inc_zone_page_state(virt_to_page((void *)
+						new_pmd_page), NR_KAISERTABLE);
+		} else
+			free_page(new_pmd_page);
+		spin_unlock(&shadow_table_allocation_lock);
+	}
+
+	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, address);
+	/* The shadow page tables do not use large mappings: */
+	if (pmd_large(*pmd)) {
+		WARN_ON(1);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+		unsigned long new_pte_page = __get_free_page(gfp);
+		if (!new_pte_page)
+			return NULL;
+		spin_lock(&shadow_table_allocation_lock);
+		if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
+			set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(new_pte_page)));
+			__inc_zone_page_state(virt_to_page((void *)
+						new_pte_page), NR_KAISERTABLE);
+		} else
+			free_page(new_pte_page);
+		spin_unlock(&shadow_table_allocation_lock);
+	}
+
+	return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, address);
+}
+
+static int kaiser_add_user_map(const void *__start_addr, unsigned long size,
+			       unsigned long flags)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	pte_t *pte;
+	unsigned long start_addr = (unsigned long )__start_addr;
+	unsigned long address = start_addr & PAGE_MASK;
+	unsigned long end_addr = PAGE_ALIGN(start_addr + size);
+	unsigned long target_address;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is convenient for callers to pass in __PAGE_KERNEL etc,
+	 * and there is no actual harm from setting _PAGE_GLOBAL, so
+	 * long as CR4.PGE is not set.  But it is nonetheless troubling
+	 * to see Kaiser itself setting _PAGE_GLOBAL (now that "nokaiser"
+	 * requires that not to be #defined to 0): so mask it off here.
+	 */
+	flags &= ~_PAGE_GLOBAL;
+
+	for (; address < end_addr; address += PAGE_SIZE) {
+		target_address = get_pa_from_mapping(address);
+		if (target_address == -1) {
+			ret = -EIO;
+			break;
+		}
+		pte = kaiser_pagetable_walk(address);
+		if (!pte) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (pte_none(*pte)) {
+			set_pte(pte, __pte(flags | target_address));
+		} else {
+			pte_t tmp;
+			set_pte(&tmp, __pte(flags | target_address));
+			WARN_ON_ONCE(!pte_same(*pte, tmp));
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int kaiser_add_user_map_ptrs(const void *start, const void *end, unsigned long flags)
+{
+	unsigned long size = end - start;
+
+	return kaiser_add_user_map(start, size, flags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that the top level of the (shadow) page tables are
+ * entirely populated.  This ensures that all processes that get
+ * forked have the same entries.  This way, we do not have to
+ * ever go set up new entries in older processes.
+ *
+ * Note: we never free these, so there are no updates to them
+ * after this.
+ */
+static void __init kaiser_init_all_pgds(void)
+{
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	pgd = native_get_shadow_pgd(pgd_offset_k((unsigned long )0));
+	for (i = PTRS_PER_PGD / 2; i < PTRS_PER_PGD; i++) {
+		pgd_t new_pgd;
+		pud_t *pud = pud_alloc_one(&init_mm,
+					   PAGE_OFFSET + i * PGDIR_SIZE);
+		if (!pud) {
+			WARN_ON(1);
+			break;
+		}
+		inc_zone_page_state(virt_to_page(pud), NR_KAISERTABLE);
+		new_pgd = __pgd(_KERNPG_TABLE |__pa(pud));
+		/*
+		 * Make sure not to stomp on some other pgd entry.
+		 */
+		if (!pgd_none(pgd[i])) {
+			WARN_ON(1);
+			continue;
+		}
+		set_pgd(pgd + i, new_pgd);
+	}
+}
+
+#define kaiser_add_user_map_early(start, size, flags) do {	\
+	int __ret = kaiser_add_user_map(start, size, flags);	\
+	WARN_ON(__ret);						\
+} while (0)
+
+#define kaiser_add_user_map_ptrs_early(start, end, flags) do {		\
+	int __ret = kaiser_add_user_map_ptrs(start, end, flags);	\
+	WARN_ON(__ret);							\
+} while (0)
+
+void __init kaiser_check_boottime_disable(void)
+{
+	bool enable = true;
+	char arg[5];
+	int ret;
+
+	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_XENPV))
+		goto silent_disable;
+
+	ret = cmdline_find_option(boot_command_line, "pti", arg, sizeof(arg));
+	if (ret > 0) {
+		if (!strncmp(arg, "on", 2))
+			goto enable;
+
+		if (!strncmp(arg, "off", 3))
+			goto disable;
+
+		if (!strncmp(arg, "auto", 4))
+			goto skip;
+	}
+
+	if (cmdline_find_option_bool(boot_command_line, "nopti"))
+		goto disable;
+
+skip:
+	if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
+		goto disable;
+
+enable:
+	if (enable)
+		setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_KAISER);
+
+	return;
+
+disable:
+	pr_info("disabled\n");
+
+silent_disable:
+	kaiser_enabled = 0;
+	setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_KAISER);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If anything in here fails, we will likely die on one of the
+ * first kernel->user transitions and init will die.  But, we
+ * will have most of the kernel up by then and should be able to
+ * get a clean warning out of it.  If we BUG_ON() here, we run
+ * the risk of being before we have good console output.
+ */
+void __init kaiser_init(void)
+{
+	int cpu;
+
+	if (!kaiser_enabled)
+		return;
+
+	kaiser_init_all_pgds();
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		void *percpu_vaddr = __per_cpu_user_mapped_start +
+				     per_cpu_offset(cpu);
+		unsigned long percpu_sz = __per_cpu_user_mapped_end -
+					  __per_cpu_user_mapped_start;
+		kaiser_add_user_map_early(percpu_vaddr, percpu_sz,
+					  __PAGE_KERNEL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Map the entry/exit text section, which is needed at
+	 * switches from user to and from kernel.
+	 */
+	kaiser_add_user_map_ptrs_early(__entry_text_start, __entry_text_end,
+				       __PAGE_KERNEL_RX);
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER) || defined(CONFIG_KASAN)
+	kaiser_add_user_map_ptrs_early(__irqentry_text_start,
+				       __irqentry_text_end,
+				       __PAGE_KERNEL_RX);
+#endif
+	kaiser_add_user_map_early((void *)idt_descr.address,
+				  sizeof(gate_desc) * NR_VECTORS,
+				  __PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
+#ifdef CONFIG_TRACING
+	kaiser_add_user_map_early(&trace_idt_descr,
+				  sizeof(trace_idt_descr),
+				  __PAGE_KERNEL);
+	kaiser_add_user_map_early(&trace_idt_table,
+				  sizeof(gate_desc) * NR_VECTORS,
+				  __PAGE_KERNEL);
+#endif
+	kaiser_add_user_map_early(&debug_idt_descr, sizeof(debug_idt_descr),
+				  __PAGE_KERNEL);
+	kaiser_add_user_map_early(&debug_idt_table,
+				  sizeof(gate_desc) * NR_VECTORS,
+				  __PAGE_KERNEL);
+
+	pr_info("enabled\n");
+}
+
+/* Add a mapping to the shadow mapping, and synchronize the mappings */
+int kaiser_add_mapping(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size, unsigned long flags)
+{
+	if (!kaiser_enabled)
+		return 0;
+	return kaiser_add_user_map((const void *)addr, size, flags);
+}
+
+void kaiser_remove_mapping(unsigned long start, unsigned long size)
+{
+	extern void unmap_pud_range_nofree(pgd_t *pgd,
+				unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
+	unsigned long end = start + size;
+	unsigned long addr, next;
+	pgd_t *pgd;
+
+	if (!kaiser_enabled)
+		return;
+	pgd = native_get_shadow_pgd(pgd_offset_k(start));
+	for (addr = start; addr < end; pgd++, addr = next) {
+		next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
+		unmap_pud_range_nofree(pgd, addr, next);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Page table pages are page-aligned.  The lower half of the top
+ * level is used for userspace and the top half for the kernel.
+ * This returns true for user pages that need to get copied into
+ * both the user and kernel copies of the page tables, and false
+ * for kernel pages that should only be in the kernel copy.
+ */
+static inline bool is_userspace_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp)
+{
+	return ((unsigned long)pgdp % PAGE_SIZE) < (PAGE_SIZE / 2);
+}
+
+pgd_t kaiser_set_shadow_pgd(pgd_t *pgdp, pgd_t pgd)
+{
+	if (!kaiser_enabled)
+		return pgd;
+	/*
+	 * Do we need to also populate the shadow pgd?  Check _PAGE_USER to
+	 * skip cases like kexec and EFI which make temporary low mappings.
+	 */
+	if (pgd.pgd & _PAGE_USER) {
+		if (is_userspace_pgd(pgdp)) {
+			native_get_shadow_pgd(pgdp)->pgd = pgd.pgd;
+			/*
+			 * Even if the entry is *mapping* userspace, ensure
+			 * that userspace can not use it.  This way, if we
+			 * get out to userspace running on the kernel CR3,
+			 * userspace will crash instead of running.
+			 */
+			if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
+				pgd.pgd |= _PAGE_NX;
+		}
+	} else if (!pgd.pgd) {
+		/*
+		 * pgd_clear() cannot check _PAGE_USER, and is even used to
+		 * clear corrupted pgd entries: so just rely on cases like
+		 * kexec and EFI never to be using pgd_clear().
+		 */
+		if (!WARN_ON_ONCE((unsigned long)pgdp & PAGE_SIZE) &&
+		    is_userspace_pgd(pgdp))
+			native_get_shadow_pgd(pgdp)->pgd = pgd.pgd;
+	}
+	return pgd;
+}
+
+void kaiser_setup_pcid(void)
+{
+	unsigned long user_cr3 = KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET;
+
+	if (this_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PCID))
+		user_cr3 |= X86_CR3_PCID_USER_NOFLUSH;
+	/*
+	 * These variables are used by the entry/exit
+	 * code to change PCID and pgd and TLB flushing.
+	 */
+	this_cpu_write(x86_cr3_pcid_user, user_cr3);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Make a note that this cpu will need to flush USER tlb on return to user.
+ * If cpu does not have PCID, then the NOFLUSH bit will never have been set.
+ */
+void kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user(void)
+{
+	if (this_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PCID))
+		this_cpu_write(x86_cr3_pcid_user,
+			X86_CR3_PCID_USER_FLUSH | KAISER_SHADOW_PGD_OFFSET);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user);
--- a/arch/x86/mm/kaslr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/kaslr.c
@@ -189,6 +189,6 @@ void __meminit init_trampoline(void)
 		*pud_tramp = *pud;
 	}

-	set_pgd(&trampoline_pgd_entry,
-		__pgd(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(pud_page_tramp)));
+	/* Avoid set_pgd(), in case it's complicated by CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
+	trampoline_pgd_entry = __pgd(_KERNPG_TABLE | __pa(pud_page_tramp));
 }
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cpa_lock);
 #define CPA_FLUSHTLB 1
 #define CPA_ARRAY 2
 #define CPA_PAGES_ARRAY 4
+#define CPA_FREE_PAGETABLES 8

 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
 static unsigned long direct_pages_count[PG_LEVEL_NUM];
@@ -729,10 +730,13 @@ static int split_large_page(struct cpa_data *cpa, pte_t *kpte,
 	return 0;
 }

-static bool try_to_free_pte_page(pte_t *pte)
+static bool try_to_free_pte_page(struct cpa_data *cpa, pte_t *pte)
 {
 	int i;

+	if (!(cpa->flags & CPA_FREE_PAGETABLES))
+		return false;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
 		if (!pte_none(pte[i]))
 			return false;
@@ -741,10 +745,13 @@ static bool try_to_free_pte_page(pte_t *pte)
 	return true;
 }

-static bool try_to_free_pmd_page(pmd_t *pmd)
+static bool try_to_free_pmd_page(struct cpa_data *cpa, pmd_t *pmd)
 {
 	int i;

+	if (!(cpa->flags & CPA_FREE_PAGETABLES))
+		return false;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; i++)
 		if (!pmd_none(pmd[i]))
 			return false;
@@ -753,7 +760,9 @@ static bool try_to_free_pmd_page(pmd_t *pmd)
 	return true;
 }

-static bool unmap_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+static bool unmap_pte_range(struct cpa_data *cpa, pmd_t *pmd,
+			    unsigned long start,
+			    unsigned long end)
 {
 	pte_t *pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, start);

@@ -764,22 +773,23 @@ static bool unmap_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 		pte++;
 	}

-	if (try_to_free_pte_page((pte_t *)pmd_page_vaddr(*pmd))) {
+	if (try_to_free_pte_page(cpa, (pte_t *)pmd_page_vaddr(*pmd))) {
 		pmd_clear(pmd);
 		return true;
 	}
 	return false;
 }

-static void __unmap_pmd_range(pud_t *pud, pmd_t *pmd,
+static void __unmap_pmd_range(struct cpa_data *cpa, pud_t *pud, pmd_t *pmd,
 			      unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 {
-	if (unmap_pte_range(pmd, start, end))
-		if (try_to_free_pmd_page((pmd_t *)pud_page_vaddr(*pud)))
+	if (unmap_pte_range(cpa, pmd, start, end))
+		if (try_to_free_pmd_page(cpa, (pmd_t *)pud_page_vaddr(*pud)))
 			pud_clear(pud);
 }

-static void unmap_pmd_range(pud_t *pud, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+static void unmap_pmd_range(struct cpa_data *cpa, pud_t *pud,
+			    unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 {
 	pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, start);

@@ -790,7 +800,7 @@ static void unmap_pmd_range(pud_t *pud, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 		unsigned long next_page = (start + PMD_SIZE) & PMD_MASK;
 		unsigned long pre_end = min_t(unsigned long, end, next_page);

-		__unmap_pmd_range(pud, pmd, start, pre_end);
+		__unmap_pmd_range(cpa, pud, pmd, start, pre_end);

 		start = pre_end;
 		pmd++;
@@ -803,7 +813,8 @@ static void unmap_pmd_range(pud_t *pud, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 		if (pmd_large(*pmd))
 			pmd_clear(pmd);
 		else
-			__unmap_pmd_range(pud, pmd, start, start + PMD_SIZE);
+			__unmap_pmd_range(cpa, pud, pmd,
+					  start, start + PMD_SIZE);

 		start += PMD_SIZE;
 		pmd++;
@@ -813,17 +824,19 @@ static void unmap_pmd_range(pud_t *pud, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 	 * 4K leftovers?
 	 */
 	if (start < end)
-		return __unmap_pmd_range(pud, pmd, start, end);
+		return __unmap_pmd_range(cpa, pud, pmd, start, end);

 	/*
 	 * Try again to free the PMD page if haven't succeeded above.
 	 */
 	if (!pud_none(*pud))
-		if (try_to_free_pmd_page((pmd_t *)pud_page_vaddr(*pud)))
+		if (try_to_free_pmd_page(cpa, (pmd_t *)pud_page_vaddr(*pud)))
 			pud_clear(pud);
 }

-static void unmap_pud_range(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+static void __unmap_pud_range(struct cpa_data *cpa, pgd_t *pgd,
+			      unsigned long start,
+			      unsigned long end)
 {
 	pud_t *pud = pud_offset(pgd, start);

@@ -834,7 +847,7 @@ static void unmap_pud_range(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 		unsigned long next_page = (start + PUD_SIZE) & PUD_MASK;
 		unsigned long pre_end	= min_t(unsigned long, end, next_page);

-		unmap_pmd_range(pud, start, pre_end);
+		unmap_pmd_range(cpa, pud, start, pre_end);

 		start = pre_end;
 		pud++;
@@ -848,7 +861,7 @@ static void unmap_pud_range(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 		if (pud_large(*pud))
 			pud_clear(pud);
 		else
-			unmap_pmd_range(pud, start, start + PUD_SIZE);
+			unmap_pmd_range(cpa, pud, start, start + PUD_SIZE);

 		start += PUD_SIZE;
 		pud++;
@@ -858,7 +871,7 @@ static void unmap_pud_range(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 	 * 2M leftovers?
 	 */
 	if (start < end)
-		unmap_pmd_range(pud, start, end);
+		unmap_pmd_range(cpa, pud, start, end);

 	/*
 	 * No need to try to free the PUD page because we'll free it in
@@ -866,6 +879,24 @@ static void unmap_pud_range(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 	 */
 }

+static void unmap_pud_range(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+	struct cpa_data cpa = {
+		.flags = CPA_FREE_PAGETABLES,
+	};
+
+	__unmap_pud_range(&cpa, pgd, start, end);
+}
+
+void unmap_pud_range_nofree(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
+{
+	struct cpa_data cpa = {
+		.flags = 0,
+	};
+
+	__unmap_pud_range(&cpa, pgd, start, end);
+}
+
 static int alloc_pte_page(pmd_t *pmd)
 {
 	pte_t *pte = (pte_t *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOTRACK);
--- a/arch/x86/mm/pgtable.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/pgtable.c
@@ -344,14 +344,22 @@ static inline void _pgd_free(pgd_t *pgd)
 		kmem_cache_free(pgd_cache, pgd);
 }
 #else
+
+/*
+ * Instead of one pgd, Kaiser acquires two pgds.  Being order-1, it is
+ * both 8k in size and 8k-aligned.  That lets us just flip bit 12
+ * in a pointer to swap between the two 4k halves.
+ */
+#define PGD_ALLOCATION_ORDER	kaiser_enabled
+
 static inline pgd_t *_pgd_alloc(void)
 {
-	return (pgd_t *)__get_free_page(PGALLOC_GFP);
+	return (pgd_t *)__get_free_pages(PGALLOC_GFP, PGD_ALLOCATION_ORDER);
 }

 static inline void _pgd_free(pgd_t *pgd)
 {
-	free_page((unsigned long)pgd);
+	free_pages((unsigned long)pgd, PGD_ALLOCATION_ORDER);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_PAE */

--- a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
+++ b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 #include <linux/export.h>
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>

 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
 #include <asm/cache.h>
 #include <asm/apic.h>
 #include <asm/uv/uv.h>
-#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>

 /*
 *	TLB flushing, formerly SMP-only
@@ -34,6 +35,36 @@ struct flush_tlb_info {
 	unsigned long flush_end;
 };

+static void load_new_mm_cr3(pgd_t *pgdir)
+{
+	unsigned long new_mm_cr3 = __pa(pgdir);
+
+	if (kaiser_enabled) {
+		/*
+		 * We reuse the same PCID for different tasks, so we must
+		 * flush all the entries for the PCID out when we change tasks.
+		 * Flush KERN below, flush USER when returning to userspace in
+		 * kaiser's SWITCH_USER_CR3 (_SWITCH_TO_USER_CR3) macro.
+		 *
+		 * invpcid_flush_single_context(X86_CR3_PCID_ASID_USER) could
+		 * do it here, but can only be used if X86_FEATURE_INVPCID is
+		 * available - and many machines support pcid without invpcid.
+		 *
+		 * If X86_CR3_PCID_KERN_FLUSH actually added something, then it
+		 * would be needed in the write_cr3() below - if PCIDs enabled.
+		 */
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(X86_CR3_PCID_KERN_FLUSH);
+		kaiser_flush_tlb_on_return_to_user();
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Caution: many callers of this function expect
+	 * that load_cr3() is serializing and orders TLB
+	 * fills with respect to the mm_cpumask writes.
+	 */
+	write_cr3(new_mm_cr3);
+}
+
 /*
 * We cannot call mmdrop() because we are in interrupt context,
 * instead update mm->cpu_vm_mask.
@@ -45,7 +76,7 @@ void leave_mm(int cpu)
 		BUG();
 	if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, mm_cpumask(active_mm))) {
 		cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, mm_cpumask(active_mm));
-		load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
+		load_new_mm_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
 		/*
 		 * This gets called in the idle path where RCU
 		 * functions differently.  Tracing normally
@@ -120,7 +151,7 @@ void switch_mm_irqs_off(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 		 * ordering guarantee we need.
 		 *
 		 */
-		load_cr3(next->pgd);
+		load_new_mm_cr3(next->pgd);

 		trace_tlb_flush(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, TLB_FLUSH_ALL);

@@ -167,7 +198,7 @@ void switch_mm_irqs_off(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
 			 * As above, load_cr3() is serializing and orders TLB
 			 * fills with respect to the mm_cpumask write.
 			 */
-			load_cr3(next->pgd);
+			load_new_mm_cr3(next->pgd);
 			trace_tlb_flush(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, TLB_FLUSH_ALL);
 			load_mm_cr4(next);
 			load_mm_ldt(next);
--- a/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h
@@ -770,7 +770,14 @@
 */
 #define PERCPU_INPUT(cacheline)						\
 	VMLINUX_SYMBOL(__per_cpu_start) = .;				\
+	VMLINUX_SYMBOL(__per_cpu_user_mapped_start) = .;		\
 	*(.data..percpu..first)						\
+	. = ALIGN(cacheline);						\
+	*(.data..percpu..user_mapped)					\
+	*(.data..percpu..user_mapped..shared_aligned)			\
+	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);						\
+	*(.data..percpu..user_mapped..page_aligned)			\
+	VMLINUX_SYMBOL(__per_cpu_user_mapped_end) = .;			\
 	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);						\
 	*(.data..percpu..page_aligned)					\
 	. = ALIGN(cacheline);						\
--- a/include/linux/kaiser.h
+++ b/include/linux/kaiser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#ifndef _LINUX_KAISER_H
+#define _LINUX_KAISER_H
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+#include <asm/kaiser.h>
+
+static inline int kaiser_map_thread_stack(void *stack)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Map that page of kernel stack on which we enter from user context.
+	 */
+	return kaiser_add_mapping((unsigned long)stack +
+			THREAD_SIZE - PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, __PAGE_KERNEL);
+}
+
+static inline void kaiser_unmap_thread_stack(void *stack)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Note: may be called even when kaiser_map_thread_stack() failed.
+	 */
+	kaiser_remove_mapping((unsigned long)stack +
+			THREAD_SIZE - PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
+}
+#else
+
+/*
+ * These stubs are used whenever CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION is off, which
+ * includes architectures that support KAISER, but have it disabled.
+ */
+
+static inline void kaiser_init(void)
+{
+}
+static inline int kaiser_add_mapping(unsigned long addr,
+				     unsigned long size, unsigned long flags)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline void kaiser_remove_mapping(unsigned long start,
+					 unsigned long size)
+{
+}
+static inline int kaiser_map_thread_stack(void *stack)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline void kaiser_unmap_thread_stack(void *stack)
+{
+}
+
+#endif /* !CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION */
+#endif /* _LINUX_KAISER_H */
--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -124,8 +124,9 @@ enum zone_stat_item {
 	NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
 	NR_PAGETABLE,		/* used for pagetables */
 	NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB,	/* measured in KiB */
-	/* Second 128 byte cacheline */
+	NR_KAISERTABLE,
 	NR_BOUNCE,
+	/* Second 128 byte cacheline */
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZSMALLOC)
 	NR_ZSPAGES,		/* allocated in zsmalloc */
 #endif
--- a/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
+++ b/include/linux/percpu-defs.h
@@ -35,6 +35,12 @@

 #endif

+#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+#define USER_MAPPED_SECTION "..user_mapped"
+#else
+#define USER_MAPPED_SECTION ""
+#endif
+
 /*
 * Base implementations of per-CPU variable declarations and definitions, where
 * the section in which the variable is to be placed is provided by the
@@ -115,6 +121,12 @@
 #define DEFINE_PER_CPU(type, name)					\
 	DEFINE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, "")

+#define DECLARE_PER_CPU_USER_MAPPED(type, name)				\
+	DECLARE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, USER_MAPPED_SECTION)
+
+#define DEFINE_PER_CPU_USER_MAPPED(type, name)				\
+	DEFINE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, USER_MAPPED_SECTION)
+
 /*
 * Declaration/definition used for per-CPU variables that must come first in
 * the set of variables.
@@ -144,6 +156,14 @@
 	DEFINE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_SECTION) \
 	____cacheline_aligned_in_smp

+#define DECLARE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(type, name)		\
+	DECLARE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, USER_MAPPED_SECTION PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_SECTION) \
+	____cacheline_aligned_in_smp
+
+#define DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(type, name)		\
+	DEFINE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, USER_MAPPED_SECTION PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED_SECTION) \
+	____cacheline_aligned_in_smp
+
 #define DECLARE_PER_CPU_ALIGNED(type, name)				\
 	DECLARE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, PER_CPU_ALIGNED_SECTION)	\
 	____cacheline_aligned
@@ -162,11 +182,21 @@
 #define DEFINE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED(type, name)				\
 	DEFINE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, "..page_aligned")		\
 	__aligned(PAGE_SIZE)
+/*
+ * Declaration/definition used for per-CPU variables that must be page aligned and need to be mapped in user mode.
+ */
+#define DECLARE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(type, name)		\
+	DECLARE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, USER_MAPPED_SECTION"..page_aligned") \
+	__aligned(PAGE_SIZE)
+
+#define DEFINE_PER_CPU_PAGE_ALIGNED_USER_MAPPED(type, name)		\
+	DEFINE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, USER_MAPPED_SECTION"..page_aligned") \
+	__aligned(PAGE_SIZE)

 /*
 * Declaration/definition used for per-CPU variables that must be read mostly.
 */
-#define DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(type, name)			\
+#define DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(type, name)				\
 	DECLARE_PER_CPU_SECTION(type, name, "..read_mostly")

 #define DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(type, name)				\
--- a/init/main.c
+++ b/init/main.c
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
 #include <linux/integrity.h>
 #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/kaiser.h>

 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/bugs.h>
@@ -473,6 +474,7 @@ static void __init mm_init(void)
 	pgtable_init();
 	vmalloc_init();
 	ioremap_huge_init();
+	kaiser_init();
 }

 asmlinkage __visible void __init start_kernel(void)
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
 #include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
 #include <linux/cn_proc.h>
 #include <linux/freezer.h>
+#include <linux/kaiser.h>
 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
@@ -213,6 +214,7 @@ static unsigned long *alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)

 static inline void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
+	kaiser_unmap_thread_stack(tsk->stack);
 #ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
 	if (task_stack_vm_area(tsk)) {
 		unsigned long flags;
@@ -495,6 +497,10 @@ static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig, int node)
 	 * functions again.
 	 */
 	tsk->stack = stack;
+
+	err= kaiser_map_thread_stack(tsk->stack);
+	if (err)
+		goto free_stack;
 #ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
 	tsk->stack_vm_area = stack_vm_area;
 #endif
--- a/mm/vmstat.c
+++ b/mm/vmstat.c
@@ -932,6 +932,7 @@ const char * const vmstat_text[] = {
 	"nr_slab_unreclaimable",
 	"nr_page_table_pages",
 	"nr_kernel_stack",
+	"nr_overhead",
 	"nr_bounce",
 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZSMALLOC)
 	"nr_zspages",
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_bbr.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_bbr.c
@@ -843,6 +843,11 @@ static u32 bbr_sndbuf_expand(struct sock *sk)
 */
 static u32 bbr_undo_cwnd(struct sock *sk)
 {
+	struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+	bbr->full_bw = 0;   /* spurious slow-down; reset full pipe detection */
+	bbr->full_bw_cnt = 0;
+	bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(sk);
 	return tcp_sk(sk)->snd_cwnd;
 }

--- a/security/Kconfig
+++ b/security/Kconfig
@@ -40,6 +40,16 @@ config SECURITY

 	  If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer N.

+config PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
+	bool "Remove the kernel mapping in user mode"
+	default y
+	depends on X86_64 && SMP
+	help
+	  This enforces a strict kernel and user space isolation, in order
+	  to close hardware side channels on kernel address information.
+
+	  If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer Y.
+
 config SECURITYFS
 	bool "Enable the securityfs filesystem"
 	help
--- a/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
+++ b/tools/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
@@ -197,6 +197,9 @@
 #define X86_FEATURE_AVX512_4VNNIW (7*32+16) /* AVX-512 Neural Network Instructions */
 #define X86_FEATURE_AVX512_4FMAPS (7*32+17) /* AVX-512 Multiply Accumulation Single precision */

+/* Because the ALTERNATIVE scheme is for members of the X86_FEATURE club... */
+#define X86_FEATURE_KAISER	( 7*32+31) /* CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION w/o nokaiser */
+
 /* Virtualization flags: Linux defined, word 8 */
 #define X86_FEATURE_TPR_SHADOW  ( 8*32+ 0) /* Intel TPR Shadow */
 #define X86_FEATURE_VNMI        ( 8*32+ 1) /* Intel Virtual NMI */