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a079cc5876
On many systems, a great deal of boot (in userspace) happens after the
kernel thinks the boot has completed. It is difficult to determine if
the system has really booted from the kernel side. Some features like
lazy-RCU can risk slowing down boot time if, say, a callback has been
added that the boot synchronously depends on. Further expedited callbacks
can get unexpedited way earlier than it should be, thus slowing down
boot (as shown in the data below).
For these reasons, this commit adds a config option
'CONFIG_RCU_BOOT_END_DELAY' and a boot parameter rcupdate.boot_end_delay.
Userspace can also make RCU's view of the system as booted, by writing the
time in milliseconds to: /sys/module/rcupdate/parameters/rcu_boot_end_delay
Or even just writing a value of 0 to this sysfs node.
However, under no circumstance will the boot be allowed to end earlier
than just before init is launched.
The default value of CONFIG_RCU_BOOT_END_DELAY is chosen as 15s. This
suites ChromeOS and also a PREEMPT_RT system below very well, which need
no config or parameter changes, and just a simple application of this patch. A
system designer can also choose a specific value here to keep RCU from marking
boot completion. As noted earlier, RCU's perspective of the system as booted
will not be marker until at least rcu_boot_end_delay milliseconds have passed
or an update is made via writing a small value (or 0) in milliseconds to:
/sys/module/rcupdate/parameters/rcu_boot_end_delay.
One side-effect of this patch is, there is a risk that a real-time workload
launched just after the kernel boots will suffer interruptions due to expedited
RCU, which previous ended just before init was launched. However, to mitigate
such an issue (however unlikely), the user should either tune
CONFIG_RCU_BOOT_END_DELAY to a smaller value than 15 seconds or write a value
of 0 to /sys/module/rcupdate/parameters/rcu_boot_end_delay, once userspace
boots, and before launching the real-time workload.
Qiuxu also noted impressive boot-time improvements with earlier version
of patch. An excerpt from the data he shared:
1) Testing environment:
OS : CentOS Stream 8 (non-RT OS)
Kernel : v6.2
Machine : Intel Cascade Lake server (2 sockets, each with 44 logical threads)
Qemu args : -cpu host -enable-kvm, -smp 88,threads=2,sockets=2, …
2) OS boot time definition:
The time from the start of the kernel boot to the shell command line
prompt is shown from the console. [ Different people may have
different OS boot time definitions. ]
3) Measurement method (very rough method):
A timer in the kernel periodically prints the boot time every 100ms.
As soon as the shell command line prompt is shown from the console,
we record the boot time printed by the timer, then the printed boot
time is the OS boot time.
4) Measured OS boot time (in seconds)
a) Measured 10 times w/o this patch:
8.7s, 8.4s, 8.6s, 8.2s, 9.0s, 8.7s, 8.8s, 9.3s, 8.8s, 8.3s
The average OS boot time was: ~8.7s
b) Measure 10 times w/ this patch:
8.5s, 8.2s, 7.6s, 8.2s, 8.7s, 8.2s, 7.8s, 8.2s, 9.3s, 8.4s
The average OS boot time was: ~8.3s.
(CHROMIUM tag rationale: Submitted upstream but got lots of pushback as
it may harm a PREEMPT_RT system -- the concern is VERY theoretical and
this improves things for ChromeOS. Plus we are not a PREEMPT_RT system.
So I am strongly suggesting this mostly simple change for ChromeOS.)
Bug: 258241771
Tested-by: Qiuxu Zhuo <qiuxu.zhuo@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromiumos/third_party/kernel/+/4350228
Commit-Queue: Joel Fernandes <joelaf@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Vineeth Pillai <vineethrp@google.com>
Tested-by: Vineeth Pillai <vineethrp@google.com>
Tested-by: Joel Fernandes <joelaf@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vineeth Pillai <vineethrp@google.com>
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromiumos/third_party/kernel/+/4909180
Signed-off-by: Qais Yousef <qyousef@google.com>
Change-Id: Ibd262189d7f92dbcc57f1508efe90fcfba95a6cc
How do I submit patches to Android Common Kernels
-
BEST: Make all of your changes to upstream Linux. If appropriate, backport to the stable releases. These patches will be merged automatically in the corresponding common kernels. If the patch is already in upstream Linux, post a backport of the patch that conforms to the patch requirements below.
- Do not send patches upstream that contain only symbol exports. To be considered for upstream Linux,
additions of
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL()require an in-tree modular driver that uses the symbol -- so include the new driver or changes to an existing driver in the same patchset as the export. - When sending patches upstream, the commit message must contain a clear case for why the patch is needed and beneficial to the community. Enabling out-of-tree drivers or functionality is not not a persuasive case.
- Do not send patches upstream that contain only symbol exports. To be considered for upstream Linux,
additions of
-
LESS GOOD: Develop your patches out-of-tree (from an upstream Linux point-of-view). Unless these are fixing an Android-specific bug, these are very unlikely to be accepted unless they have been coordinated with kernel-team@android.com. If you want to proceed, post a patch that conforms to the patch requirements below.
Common Kernel patch requirements
- All patches must conform to the Linux kernel coding standards and pass
scripts/checkpatch.pl - Patches shall not break gki_defconfig or allmodconfig builds for arm, arm64, x86, x86_64 architectures (see https://source.android.com/setup/build/building-kernels)
- If the patch is not merged from an upstream branch, the subject must be tagged with the type of patch:
UPSTREAM:,BACKPORT:,FROMGIT:,FROMLIST:, orANDROID:. - All patches must have a
Change-Id:tag (see https://gerrit-review.googlesource.com/Documentation/user-changeid.html) - If an Android bug has been assigned, there must be a
Bug:tag. - All patches must have a
Signed-off-by:tag by the author and the submitter
Additional requirements are listed below based on patch type
Requirements for backports from mainline Linux: UPSTREAM:, BACKPORT:
- If the patch is a cherry-pick from Linux mainline with no changes at all
- tag the patch subject with
UPSTREAM:. - add upstream commit information with a
(cherry picked from commit ...)line - Example:
- if the upstream commit message is
- tag the patch subject with
important patch from upstream
This is the detailed description of the important patch
Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>
- then Joe Smith would upload the patch for the common kernel as
UPSTREAM: important patch from upstream
This is the detailed description of the important patch
Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>
Bug: 135791357
Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
(cherry picked from commit c31e73121f4c1ec41143423ac6ce3ce6dafdcec1)
Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
- If the patch requires any changes from the upstream version, tag the patch with
BACKPORT:instead ofUPSTREAM:.- use the same tags as
UPSTREAM: - add comments about the changes under the
(cherry picked from commit ...)line - Example:
- use the same tags as
BACKPORT: important patch from upstream
This is the detailed description of the important patch
Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>
Bug: 135791357
Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
(cherry picked from commit c31e73121f4c1ec41143423ac6ce3ce6dafdcec1)
[joe: Resolved minor conflict in drivers/foo/bar.c ]
Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
Requirements for other backports: FROMGIT:, FROMLIST:,
- If the patch has been merged into an upstream maintainer tree, but has not yet
been merged into Linux mainline
- tag the patch subject with
FROMGIT: - add info on where the patch came from as
(cherry picked from commit <sha1> <repo> <branch>). This must be a stable maintainer branch (not rebased, so don't uselinux-nextfor example). - if changes were required, use
BACKPORT: FROMGIT: - Example:
- if the commit message in the maintainer tree is
- tag the patch subject with
important patch from upstream
This is the detailed description of the important patch
Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>
- then Joe Smith would upload the patch for the common kernel as
FROMGIT: important patch from upstream
This is the detailed description of the important patch
Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>
Bug: 135791357
(cherry picked from commit 878a2fd9de10b03d11d2f622250285c7e63deace
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/foo/bar.git test-branch)
Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
- If the patch has been submitted to LKML, but not accepted into any maintainer tree
- tag the patch subject with
FROMLIST: - add a
Link:tag with a link to the submittal on lore.kernel.org - add a
Bug:tag with the Android bug (required for patches not accepted into a maintainer tree) - if changes were required, use
BACKPORT: FROMLIST: - Example:
- tag the patch subject with
FROMLIST: important patch from upstream
This is the detailed description of the important patch
Signed-off-by: Fred Jones <fred.jones@foo.org>
Bug: 135791357
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20190619171517.GA17557@someone.com/
Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
Requirements for Android-specific patches: ANDROID:
- If the patch is fixing a bug to Android-specific code
- tag the patch subject with
ANDROID: - add a
Fixes:tag that cites the patch with the bug - Example:
- tag the patch subject with
ANDROID: fix android-specific bug in foobar.c
This is the detailed description of the important fix
Fixes: 1234abcd2468 ("foobar: add cool feature")
Change-Id: I4caaaa566ea080fa148c5e768bb1a0b6f7201c01
Signed-off-by: Joe Smith <joe.smith@foo.org>
- If the patch is a new feature
- tag the patch subject with
ANDROID: - add a
Bug:tag with the Android bug (required for android-specific features)
- tag the patch subject with